Question

1. risk factors for heart disease include all of the following, except: a. physical inactivity b. obesity c. elevated hdl cholesterol d. older age
2. women may not exhibit typical signs and symptoms of acs. which of the following heart attack symptoms is less common in women? a. shortness of breath b. a profound sense of fatigue/flu - like discomfort c. a feeling of indigestion or heartburn d. sudden onset of crushing chest pain
3. your patient is complaining of chest pain and shortness of breath. assessment of his telemetry rhythm reveals sinus rhythm with frequent pvcs and st segment below exhibits st segment elevation:
4. which of the following is not a major risk factor for heart disease in women? a. endometriosis b. low hdl cholesterol c. diabetes d. smoking
5. if you suspect your patient is having a mi, but are not sure, which course of action could be harmful? a. call code stemi and/or quick response team b. wait an hour to see if things improve c. notify the house coordinator d. call the md

Explanation:

1. Physical inactivity, obesity, and older age are risk - factors for heart disease. Elevated HDL cholesterol is beneficial and not a risk factor.
2. Women with ACS often have shortness of breath, fatigue, and indigestion. Sudden onset of crushing chest pain is more typical in men.
3. ST - segment elevation is seen in certain heart conditions. The ECG with ST - segment elevation would be the one with the raised ST segment compared to normal.
4. Endometriosis is not a major risk factor for heart disease in women. Low HDL cholesterol, diabetes, and smoking are.
5. Waiting an hour to see if things improve when suspecting a MI can delay treatment and be harmful.

Answer:

1. C. Elevated HDL cholesterol
2. D. Sudden onset of crushing chest pain
3. (No specific answer as the visual ECG options are not described in detail, but should be the one with ST - segment elevation)
4. A. Endometriosis
5. B. Wait an hour to see if things improve