Question

solve the curse 1 question. how did scientists boost the space... change its way to... bringing it closer the gravitational pull of the sun? options: a. by using its rocket b. by using a gravitational slingshot c. by decreasing the mass of... d. by increasing the fuel on the rocket

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze the options based on how a spacecraft (Jadhav's) would change its path (trajectory) to return to Earth.

Key Concept:

For a spacecraft to change its trajectory (path) to return to Earth, it needs to use a force to alter its motion. Rockets on a spacecraft work by expelling fuel (mass) in one direction, which, according to Newton's third law (action - reaction), creates a force in the opposite direction. This force can be used to change the spacecraft's velocity (speed and/or direction), thus changing its trajectory.

Analyzing the Options:

• Option A: By using its rockets. Rockets can exert a force on the spacecraft. When the spacecraft's rockets fire, they expel mass (fuel) at high speed. According to the law of conservation of momentum ($\vec{p}_{initial}=\vec{p}_{final}$), if the spacecraft expels mass with momentum $\vec{p}_{fuel}$, the spacecraft will gain an opposite - directed momentum $\vec{p}_{spacecraft}$ so that the total momentum remains constant. This change in momentum means a change in velocity, which can be used to change the spacecraft's trajectory to head back towards Earth. This is a valid mechanism for trajectory change.
• Option B: Using a gravitational slingshot involves using the gravity of a planet or other celestial body to change the trajectory. However, the question is about how the spacecraft (Jadhav's) itself changes its path to return. A gravitational slingshot is more about using an external gravitational field, not an action of the spacecraft itself to initiate the return trajectory.
• Option C: Decreasing the mass of the spacecraft (for example, by jettisoning non - essential parts) does not directly change the trajectory in the way needed to return to Earth. Mass reduction alone, without a force acting on the spacecraft, will not cause a change in velocity (from Newton's second law $F = ma$, if there is no net force $F = 0$, then acceleration $a = 0$ and velocity remains constant).
• Option D: Increasing the fuel on the rocket does not change the trajectory. Fuel is a form of mass, and adding mass without applying a force (by firing the rockets) will not change the spacecraft's velocity or trajectory.

Answer:

A. by using its rockets