Question

7 ss.912.a.4.7 (moderate)
the use of what new method helped to ensure that american troops safely arrived in europe?
a airplanes
b convoy system
c network of trenches
d submarine warfare

8 ss.912.a.4.10 (high)
this excerpt is from a speech before the u.s. senate given by senator henry cabot lodge on august 12, 1919. what reason for opposing the league of nations does the excerpt reflect?
\we would have this country strong to resist a peril from the west, as she has flung back the german menace from the east. we would not have our politics distracted and embittered by dissensions from other lands. we would not have our country’s vigor exhausted, or her moral force abated, by everlasting meddling and muddling in every quarrel great and small, which afflicts the world. our ideal is to make her even stronger and better and finer, because in this way alone, as we believe, can she be of the greatest service to the world’s peace and the welfare of mankind.\
a a reluctance to respect national self - determination by european colonies
b a desire to be able to punish germany and seek reparations
c a belief that joining the league would endanger american sovereignty
d a fear of the idea of free trade and freedom of the seas

Explanation:

For question 7: During World War I, the convoy system (groups of merchant ships escorted by military vessels) was adopted to protect American troops and supplies from German submarine attacks while crossing the Atlantic, ensuring safe arrival in Europe. Airplanes were not used for large troop transport to Europe then, trenches were a land warfare tactic, and submarine warfare was the threat being countered.
For question 8: Senator Lodge's speech emphasizes keeping U.S. politics free from foreign dissensions and avoiding involvement in global quarrels, which reflects the core concern that joining the League of Nations would force the U.S. into foreign conflicts, compromising its ability to act independently and endangering American sovereignty. The other options do not align with the excerpt's focus on avoiding foreign meddling in U.S. affairs.

Answer:

1. B. convoy system
2. C. a belief that joining the League would endanger American sovereignty