Question

in the tapeats sandstone (525 - 515 ma), geologists have found large chunks of basement rock from the supergroup trapped within the sand. which principle explains that these chunks are older than the sandstone itself?

Explanation:

The principle of inclusions states that any rock fragment (inclusion) within another rock must be older than the rock that contains it. Here, the chunks of rock (inclusions) are within the sandstone, so this principle explains they are older. The principle of faunal succession relates to fossil sequences, and lateral continuity is about rock layers extending laterally.

Answer:

The principle of inclusions (assuming one of the options is "Principle of inclusions" as the last option seems cut off but contextually this is the correct principle for inclusions in rock). If the options include "Principle of inclusions" (e.g., the last option shown partially), that is the correct one. For example, if the last option is "Principle of inclusions", then the answer is:

(Assuming the options are:

A. The principal of faunal succession

B. principle of lateral continuity

C. Principle of inclusions

Then the answer is C. Principle of inclusions)