Question

1. thomson used cathode ray particles (electrons) and was able to measure the mass/charge ratio. his results showed that matter included particles much smaller than the atom; the charge was always a whole - number multiple of some minimum charge; the mass/charge ratio varied with as the cathode material was changed; atoms are largely empty space; atoms contained dense areas of positive charge.

Explanation:

Thomson's cathode ray experiment measured the mass - to - charge ratio of electrons. The key result was that the charge was always a whole - number multiple of some elementary charge (the charge of an electron).

• Option 1: The discovery of particles smaller than atoms was from the discovery of electrons, but the main result of the mass - charge ratio measurement was about the charge being a multiple of an elementary charge, not just about the size of particles.
• Option 3: The mass/charge ratio of electrons (the particles in cathode rays) is constant, it does not vary with the cathode material or changes.
• Option 4: The idea that atoms are mostly empty space came from Rutherford's gold foil experiment, not Thomson's cathode ray experiment.
• Option 5: The idea of atoms containing a dense positive charge center (nucleus) also came from Rutherford's experiment.

Answer:

B. the charge was always a whole - number multiple of some elementary charge