Question

1 which of the following best describes empirical evidence?
a. information acquired through observation or experimentation
b. hypothetical data
c. predictions about future events
d. theoretical assumptions

1. what is the primary difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law?

a. a theory explains why something happens, while a law describes what happens.
b. there is no difference between a theory and a law
c. a theory is always correct, while a law can change
d. a law explains why something happens, while a theory describes what happens.

1. which example best illustrates the relationship between theory and law?

a. a law explains why a phenomenon occurs, while a theory describes it.
b. a theory and a law are the same concepts
c. laws are based on theories but cannot be revised.
d. the theory of relativity helped refine newton’s laws of motion.

1. why is transparency important in scientific research?

a. to manipulate data without being noticed
b. to avoid peer review
c. to ensure the credibility and reliability of the research
d. to hide potential conflicts of interest

1. which of the following is an example of a scientific theory?

a. newton’s laws of motion
b. theory of relativity

Explanation:

Question 1

Empirical evidence is information from observation/experiment. Hypothetical data (b), future predictions (c), and theoretical assumptions (d) don't fit. So a is correct.

A scientific theory explains "why" (e.g., evolution theory explains biodiversity), a law describes "what" (e.g., Newton’s law of gravity describes motion). b is wrong (they differ), c is wrong (theories can be revised), d swaps theory and law. So a is correct.

a swaps theory and law roles. b is wrong (they differ). c is wrong (laws can be revised). d: Theory of relativity refined Newton’s laws (showing theory - law interaction). So d is correct.

Answer:

a. Information acquired through observation or experimentation

Question 2