Question

which of the following statements is true about the energy of the pendulum as it moves from position 1 to position 5?
as the amount of kinetic energy decreases, the amount of potential energy also decreases, but the total amount of energy remains the same.
the total amount of energy changes during the swing of the pendulum.
the amount of kinetic energy energy remain
as the amount of kinetic energy decreases, the amount of potential energy increases, but the total amount of energy remains the same

Explanation:

According to the law of conservation of mechanical energy (in the absence of non - conservative forces like friction), for a pendulum, the total mechanical energy (sum of kinetic and potential energy) remains constant. As the pendulum moves from one extreme (like Position 1) to the other (Position 5), its height and velocity change. At the extreme positions, velocity is zero and potential energy is maximum. At the lowest point (mid - swing), velocity is maximum and kinetic energy is maximum. So, when kinetic energy decreases, potential energy increases to keep the total energy constant.

Answer:

As the amount of kinetic energy decreases, the amount of potential energy increases, but the total amount of energy remains the same.