Question

can you explain it?
name:
date:
why is winter cold with shorter days than summer?
evidence notebook
refer to the notes in your evidence notebook to help you construct an
explanation for why winter is cold with shorter days than summer.

1. state your claim. make sure your claim fully explains the temperature and daylight

differences between winter and summer.

1. summarize the evidence you have gathered to support your claim and explain

your reasoning.

Explanation:

1. The claim is based on Earth's axial tilt and its orbital position relative to the Sun, which causes variations in daylight duration and solar angle.
2. Evidence includes astronomical observations of Earth's 23.5° axial tilt, measurements of solar angle and daylight hours in winter vs. summer, and data showing lower solar energy absorption when sunlight hits at a shallow angle. Reasoning connects these observations to reduced heating and shorter days in winter.

Answer:

1. Claim: Winter is colder with shorter days than summer because Earth's 23.5° axial tilt means a hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun in winter, resulting in fewer hours of daylight and sunlight hitting the surface at a shallow, less energy-efficient angle.
2. Evidence and Reasoning:

• Evidence 1: Earth has a fixed 23.5° axial tilt relative to its orbit.
• Reasoning 1: When a hemisphere tilts away from the Sun, it spends less time in the Sun's light, creating shorter days.
• Evidence 2: In winter, sunlight strikes the hemisphere at a low angle, spreading solar energy over a larger area.
• Reasoning 2: This reduced concentration of solar energy leads to less surface heating, resulting in colder temperatures compared to summer, when the hemisphere tilts toward the Sun, receiving more direct, concentrated sunlight over longer days.