Question

1. complete the following table by filling each line with the correct value.

element atomic number mass number number of protons number of neutrons number of electrons
carbon - 12 12 6
hydrogen - 1 0 1
phosphorus - 31 31 15
fluorine - 19 9
carbon - 13

Explanation:

Step1: Recall atomic - number rules

The atomic number is equal to the number of protons. For a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons. The mass number is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons.

Step2: Fill in Carbon - 12

The atomic number of carbon is 6. Since it is neutral, the number of electrons is 6. The number of neutrons = mass number - number of protons = 12 - 6=6.

Element	Atomic number	Mass number	Number of protons	Number of neutrons	Number of electrons

Step3: Fill in Hydrogen - 1

The atomic number of hydrogen is 1. Since it is neutral, the number of electrons is 1. The number of neutrons = mass number - number of protons = 1 - 1 = 0.

Element	Atomic number	Mass number	Number of protons	Number of neutrons	Number of electrons

Step4: Fill in Phosphorus - 31

The atomic number of phosphorus is 15. Since it is neutral, the number of electrons is 15. The number of neutrons = mass number - number of protons = 31 - 15 = 16.

Element	Atomic number	Mass number	Number of protons	Number of neutrons	Number of electrons

Step5: Fill in Fluorine - 19

The atomic number of fluorine is 9. Since it is neutral, the number of electrons is 9. The number of neutrons = mass number - number of protons = 19 - 9 = 10.

Element	Atomic number	Mass number	Number of protons	Number of neutrons	Number of electrons

Step6: Fill in Carbon - 13

The atomic number of carbon is 6. Since it is neutral, the number of electrons is 6. The number of neutrons = mass number - number of protons = 13 - 6 = 7.

Element	Atomic number	Mass number	Number of protons	Number of neutrons	Number of electrons

Answer:

Element	Atomic number	Mass number	Number of protons	Number of neutrons	Number of electrons
Hydrogen - 1	1	1	1	0	1
Phosphorus - 31	15	31	15	16	15
Fluorine - 19	9	19	9	10	9
Carbon - 13	6	13	6	7	6