Question

1. when a bond forms between lithium and chlorine

□ 1 electron is transferred from chlorine to lithium
□ electrons are equally shared between both atoms
□ electrons are shared, with a stronger attraction towards chlorine
□ 1 electron is transferred from lithium to chlorine

Explanation:

Lithium (Li) is a metal with 1 valence electron, and chlorine (Cl) is a non - metal with 7 valence electrons. In ionic bonding (which occurs between a metal and a non - metal), metals tend to lose electrons and non - metals tend to gain electrons. Lithium will lose its 1 valence electron, and chlorine will gain this electron. So, 1 electron is transferred from lithium to chlorine.

• The first option is wrong because chlorine is a non - metal and will gain, not lose, electrons.
• The second option is wrong because equal sharing of electrons is characteristic of covalent bonds (between non - metals), not ionic bonds (between metal and non - metal here).
• The third option is wrong as it describes a polar covalent bond (unequal sharing), but the bond between Li and Cl is ionic (electron transfer), not covalent.

Answer:

1 electron is transferred from lithium to chlorine