Question

1. ______ is a loss of the elastic material around the air spaces as a result of chronic stretching of the alveoli. a. emphysema b. bronchitis c. pneumonia d. diphtheria 13. ____ is a genetic disorder that affects the lungs and digestive system. a. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease b. cystic fibrosis c. pertussis d. bronchiolitis 14. which of the following signs and symptoms will help distinguish chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) from congestive heart failure? a. dyspnea b. dependent edema c. wheezing d. skin color changes 15. a pneumothorax is a partial or complete accumulation of air in the: a. pleural space b. alveoli c. abdomen d. subcutaneous tissue 16. asthma produces a characteristic ____ as patients attempt to exhale through partially obstructed air passages. a. rhonchi b. stridor c. wheezing d. rattle 17. an allergic response to certain foods or some other allergen may produce an acute: a. bronchodilation b. asthma attack c. vasoconstriction d. insulin release 18. in most cases, what is the treatment of choice for anaphylaxis? a. epinephrine b. high - flow oxygen c. antihistamines d. albuterol 19. a collection of fluid outside the lungs on one or both sides of the chest is called a: a. pulmonary edema b. subcutaneous emphysema c. pleural effusion d. tension pneumothorax 20. always consider ______ in patients who were eating just before becoming short of breath. a. upper airway obstruction b. spontaneous pneumothorax c. lower airway obstruction d. bronchoconstriction

Explanation:

1. Emphysema is characterized by the destruction of elastic tissue around air - spaces due to chronic alveolar stretching.
2. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder affecting lungs and digestive system.
3. Dependent edema is more typical of congestive heart failure, while wheezing can be seen in COPD. But dependent edema helps distinguish between the two.
4. Pneumothorax is air accumulation in the pleural space.
5. Wheezing is the characteristic sound as asthmatic patients exhale through partially obstructed airways.
6. An allergic response to allergens can trigger an acute asthma attack.
7. Epinephrine is the treatment of choice for anaphylaxis.
8. Pleural effusion is the collection of fluid outside the lungs in the chest.
9. In patients who were eating before shortness of breath, upper airway obstruction should be considered due to possible aspiration.

Answer:

1. A. Emphysema
2. B. Cystic fibrosis
3. B. Dependent edema
4. A. pleural space
5. C. wheezing
6. B. asthma attack
7. A. Epinephrine
8. C. pleural effusion
9. A. upper airway obstruction