Question

1. identify the number of atp produced as a result of lactic acid fermentation.
2. identify the types of cells that lactic acid fermentation occurs.
3. describe the effect of lactic acid fermentation in humans.
4. identify substances that can be produced by lactic acid fermentation in bacteria.
5. identify the organism in which alcoholic fermentation occurs.
6. identify substances that can be produced as a result of alcoholic fermentation.
7. identify the number of atp produced as a result of alcoholic fermentation.
8. fill in the table below.

aerobic cellular respiration, lactic acid fermentation, alcoholic fermentation
does it require oxygen?
raw materials
products
location inside a cell
amount of atp made in the cell
types of cells where it occurs

Explanation:

1. In lactic - acid fermentation, only 2 ATP molecules are produced per glucose molecule as it is an anaerobic process and less energy is extracted compared to aerobic respiration.
2. Lactic - acid fermentation occurs in muscle cells during strenuous exercise when oxygen is scarce, and also in some bacteria.
3. In humans, lactic - acid fermentation in muscle cells leads to the buildup of lactic acid, which can cause muscle fatigue and soreness.
4. Bacteria can produce lactic acid during lactic - acid fermentation, which is used in the production of foods like yogurt, buttermilk, and sour cream.
5. Alcoholic fermentation occurs in yeast cells. When oxygen is not available, yeast ferments sugars.
6. Products of alcoholic fermentation are carbon dioxide (used in baking to make dough rise) and ethyl alcohol (used in the beverage industry for beer and wine).
7. Similar to lactic - acid fermentation, alcoholic fermentation produces 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule.

20.

	Aerobic Cellular Respiration	Lactic Acid Fermentation	Alcoholic Fermentation
Raw materials	Glucose, oxygen	Glucose	Glucose
Products	Carbon dioxide, water, ATP	Lactic acid, ATP	Ethyl alcohol, carbon dioxide, ATP
Location inside a cell	Mitochondria (mostly) and cytoplasm	Cytoplasm	Cytoplasm
Amount of ATP made in the cell	36 - 38	2	2
Types of cells where it occurs	Most eukaryotic cells	Muscle cells (in humans), some bacteria	Yeast cells

Answer:

1. 2 ATP molecules
2. Muscle cells (in humans), some bacteria
3. Build - up of lactic acid in muscle cells causes fatigue and soreness
4. Lactic acid (used in food production like yogurt, buttermilk, sour cream)
5. Yeast cells
6. Carbon dioxide, ethyl alcohol
7. 2 ATP molecules
8. See table above