Question

1. european nations expanded social benefits to their citizens and moved toward greater economic cooperation.

• some worked to extend the ______________ state, in which the government increases its responsibility for the needs of its people.
• however, this system led to ____________ taxes. during the 1980s and 1990s, most european nations moved to limit ____________ welfare benefits.
• the ____________ community was formed in __________ to establish free ____________ among members.

1. ______________ lay in ruins at the end of world war ii, but american occupation brought change.

• a new constitution created a ______________ democracy.
• the education system was opened to ______ people, including women.
• ______________ was given to small farmers and funds from the u.s. were used to rebuild cities.
• the american occupation ended in ______________.

1. japan experienced an economic boom in the 1950s.

• its gross domestic ______________ (gdp) grew year after year, as japan focused on producing goods to export.
• the nation built modern factories very quickly and didnt spend much money on its ______________.

the country had a disciplined and educated work force. this created a trade surplus for______________.

Explanation:

These are fill-in-the-blank questions focused on post-WWII European and Japanese history, covering social policy, economic integration, post-war reconstruction, and economic growth.

1. For question 19: The term for a government taking greater responsibility for citizen needs is "welfare"; expansive welfare systems require high taxes, so European nations later reduced benefits. The European Community (predecessor of the EU) was formed in 1957 to establish free trade among members.
2. For question 20: Japan lay in ruins after WWII; the U.S. occupation established a parliamentary democracy, opened education to all people, provided land reform for small farmers, and ended in 1952.
3. For question 21: GDP stands for gross domestic product; Japan focused on exports, avoided high military spending, and its strong workforce created a trade surplus for the country.

Answer:

19.

• welfare
• high
• costly
• European; 1957; trade

20.

• Japan
• parliamentary
• all
• Land reform
• 1952

21.

• product
• military
• Japan