Question

analysis questions: enter your answers in the text boxes below

1. meiosis is the process where males and females make sex cells, sperm cells for males and eggs for females. how many chromosomes would each of these sex cells have before they came together to create a cub?

the cub would have 19 chromosomes from mom and 19 from dad.

1. explain how you figured out the answer to the previous question.

i figured out this answer because i know each chromosome pair has 1 from mom and 1 from dad 38/2 is 19.

1. in the lulu activity, we found chromosomes not to be helpful in determining the parents of the offspring. why are the chromosomes you used to finish the karyotypes now helpful?

the chromosomes used to finish the karyotypes are now helpful because we have the parents karyotypes. looking at the offsprings chromosomes was not useful without knowing its parents karyotype and chromosome data.

1. for the pairs that were already present in the cubs karyotype above, can you tell which came from the mother and which came from the father? why or why not?

yes. i can tell which came from the mother and wea

1. how are the two cubs you karyotyped similar and different?

similarities:

• both of the cubs are females. their sex cells were labeled as x x. they were taller so we could indicate that they were female

differences:

• the chromosomes from each cub came from different parents.

Explanation:

Step1: Recall meiosis concept

In meiosis, sex - cells (gametes) are haploid. Offspring inherit half of their chromosomes from each parent.

Step2: Analyze given information

The cub has 38 chromosomes in total (19 from mom and 19 from dad). So, each sex - cell (sperm or egg) has 19 chromosomes before fertilization.

Step3: Answer question 3

Chromosomes are helpful when we have parental karyotypes. Without parental data, offspring's chromosomes alone are not informative for determining parentage.

Step4: Answer question 4

No, we cannot tell which chromosomes come from the mother and father just from the cub's karyotype for the already - present pairs without additional information like parental genetic markers or comparison to parental karyotypes. The answer in the image saying "Yes" is incorrect without further context.

Step5: Analyze similarities and differences

Similarities: Both cubs are female (XX sex - chromosomes). Differences: Chromosomes come from different parents.

Answer:

1. 19 chromosomes.
2. In meiosis, gametes are haploid. Offspring have a total number of chromosomes that is the sum of those from each parent. So each gamete has half the total number of chromosomes in the offspring.
3. Chromosomes are helpful now because we have the parents' karyotypes. Without parental karyotype and chromosome data, looking at the offspring's chromosomes is not useful for determining parentage.
4. No. Without additional information such as parental genetic markers or comparison to parental karyotypes, we cannot tell which chromosomes in the cub's karyotype came from the mother and which came from the father.
5. Similarities: Both cubs are females (XX sex - chromosomes). Differences: Chromosomes come from different parents.