Question

atomic models and experiments quarter 1 study guide

1. look at the model to the right →

a) whose atomic model is this?
b) what are the 5 parts of his theory?

1. look at the model to the right →

a) whose atomic model is this?
b) what experiment did he conduct to get this model?
c) draw a picture of the experiment on cathode - ray tubes:
d) what particle did he discover through this experiment?

1. look at the model to the right →

a) whose atomic model is this?
b) what is different about this model compared to the model in question #2?
c) what experiment did he conduct to get this model?
d) draw a picture of his experiment:
e) what did he learn about the atom through this experiment?

1. look at the model to the right

a) whose model is this?
b) what subatomic particles are located in the center (nucleus)? in the orbits surrounding the nucleus?
c) if the model to the right had 10 protons and 11 neutrons, what element would it be?
d) draw a bohr model of an isotope of fluorine - 19

• how many protons do you have? neutrons? electrons?
• what is your atomic number? mass number?

1. what is the charge on a proton? neutron? electron?
2. what subatomic particles are located in the center of the atom?
3. what are the masses of the subatomic particles (in amu) proton? neutron? electron?
4. if an isotope of an element has the atomic number of 29 and atomic mass of 63, how many protons, neutrons, and electrons does it have?

Explanation:

Step1: Identify the sub - questions

We have multiple sub - questions related to atomic models and subatomic particles in chemistry.

Step2: Answer Question 1

a) Without seeing the model, we can't answer. But if it's a simple sphere model, it could be Dalton's atomic model. His theory parts: atoms are indivisible, atoms of same element are identical, atoms combine in simple whole - number ratios, chemical reactions are rearrangements of atoms.
b) Not applicable without seeing the model.

Step3: Answer Question 2

a) If it's the plum - pudding model (sphere of positive charge with electrons embedded), it's Thomson's atomic model.
b) He conducted the cathode - ray tube experiment.
c) A simple drawing would show a cathode - ray tube with a cathode and anode, and rays moving from the cathode towards the anode.
d) He discovered the electron.

Step4: Answer Question 3

a) If it's the nuclear model, it's Rutherford's atomic model.
b) Rutherford's model has a small, dense, positively - charged nucleus with electrons orbiting around it, while Thomson's model has electrons embedded in a sphere of positive charge.
c) He conducted the gold - foil experiment.
d) A drawing would show a thin gold foil with alpha particles being shot at it, some particles passing straight through, some being deflected, and some bouncing back.
e) He learned that the atom has a small, dense, positively - charged nucleus and most of the atom is empty space.

Step5: Answer Question 4

a) If it's the Bohr model, it's Bohr's atomic model.
b) Protons and neutrons are located in the center (nucleus).
c) If there are 10 protons, the element is Neon (Ne) since the atomic number is equal to the number of protons.
d) For Fluorine - 19 (atomic number 9), in the Bohr model, there are 9 protons in the nucleus, 10 neutrons (19 - 9 = 10), and 9 electrons in orbits (2 in the first shell and 7 in the second shell). The atomic number is 9 and the mass number is 19.

Step6: Answer Question 5

The charge on a proton is + 1, on a neutron is 0, and on an electron is - 1.

Step7: Answer Question 6

Protons and neutrons are located in the center of the atom.

Step8: Answer Question 7

The mass of a proton is approximately 1 amu, the mass of a neutron is approximately 1 amu, and the mass of an electron is approximately 0.00055 amu.

Step9: Answer Question 8

If the atomic number is 29, the number of protons is 29. The atomic mass is 63, so the number of neutrons is 63 - 29=34. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons, so there are 29 electrons.

Answer:

1. a) If it's Dalton's model, parts of his theory: atoms are indivisible, atoms of same element are identical, atoms combine in simple whole - number ratios, chemical reactions are rearrangements of atoms. b) N/A
2. a) Thomson's atomic model. b) Cathode - ray tube experiment. c) A drawing of a cathode - ray tube with a cathode, anode, and rays moving from cathode to anode. d) Electron
3. a) Rutherford's atomic model. b) Rutherford's model has a small, dense, positively - charged nucleus with electrons orbiting around it, while Thomson's has electrons embedded in a sphere of positive charge. c) Gold - foil experiment. d) A drawing of a thin gold foil with alpha particles being shot at it, some passing straight through, some deflected, some bouncing back. e) The atom has a small, dense, positively - charged nucleus and most of the atom is empty space.
4. a) Bohr's atomic model. b) Protons and neutrons. c) Neon (Ne). d) 9 protons, 10 neutrons, 9 electrons; atomic number 9, mass number 19
5. + 1; 0; - 1
6. Protons and neutrons
7. Approximately 1 amu; approximately 1 amu; approximately 0.00055 amu
8. 29 protons, 34 neutrons, 29 electrons