Question

bell ringer
complete the following statements:
surface currents are driven by ____________________. the
rotation of earth causes the winds to ____________________at a 45° angle.
in the northern hemisphere currents have a ____________________
spiral. in the southern hemisphere currents have a
____________________ spiral. deep currents are driven by
____________________.

Explanation:

These statements relate to ocean and atmospheric circulation patterns, driven by surface winds, the Coriolis effect from Earth's rotation, and density differences for deep currents.

1. Surface ocean currents are primarily propelled by global wind systems.
2. Earth's rotation creates the Coriolis effect, which deflects winds at a 45° angle from their initial path.
3. The Coriolis effect causes Northern hemisphere currents to curve clockwise, while Southern hemisphere currents curve counterclockwise.
4. Deep ocean currents are driven by differences in water density, caused by variations in temperature and salinity (thermohaline circulation).

Answer:

Surface currents are driven by global wind systems. The rotation of Earth causes the winds to deflect at a 45° angle.
In the Northern hemisphere currents have a clockwise spiral. In the Southern hemisphere currents have a counterclockwise spiral. Deep currents are driven by differences in water density (temperature and salinity).