6. the colombian lesserblack tarantula eats frogs. why doesnt it eat the dotted humming frog?
7. why dont capybaras mind tyrant birds standing on them?
8. what does a bat provide for the pitcher plant that it hides in?
9. why do small fish often swim under giant manta rays?
10. what is a \subnivean\ animal?

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Accepted Answer

### Question 6
# Brief Explanations:
The dotted humming frog likely has a defense mechanism (e.g., toxic skin secretions) or a symbiotic/avoidance relationship with the tarantula. The tarantula may avoid it due to the frog's toxicity or the frog may benefit the tarantula (e.g., eating pests near the tarantula's burrow), so the tarantula doesn't eat it.
# Answer:
The dotted humming frog may have toxic skin secretions that deter the tarantula from eating it, or they may have a mutualistic relationship (e.g., the frog eats pests near the tarantula’s burrow), so the tarantula avoids eating it.

### Question 7
# Brief Explanations:
Tyrant birds (like oxpeckers - though not exactly tyrant birds, similar mutualism) likely provide a cleaning service for capybaras, eating parasites (like ticks) off their skin. So capybaras tolerate them as it benefits their health by reducing parasites.
# Answer:
Tyrant birds likely eat parasites (e.g., ticks) off the capybaras’ bodies, providing a cleaning service. Capybaras tolerate them because this mutualistic relationship benefits their health by reducing parasitic infestations.

### Question 8
# Brief Explanations:
Bats that hide in pitcher plants (like the Nepenthes hemsleyana) provide nitrogen - rich feces (guano) to the plant. The pitcher plant, which is a carnivorous plant, can absorb nutrients from the bat’s guano, and in return, the bat gets a safe hiding place.
# Answer:
A bat provides nitrogen - rich feces (guano) to the pitcher plant. The pitcher plant absorbs nutrients from the guano, and the bat gets a safe hiding place in the plant.

### Question 9
# Brief Explanations:
Small fish swim under giant manta rays for protection (the manta ray’s size deters predators) and for food. The manta ray stirs up plankton or small prey as it moves, and the small fish can feed on these, or they may get protection from larger predators that avoid the manta ray.
# Answer:
Small fish swim under giant manta rays for protection (from predators that avoid the manta ray) and for food (the manta ray stirs up plankton or small prey, which the small fish can eat).

### Question 10
# Brief Explanations:
A “subnivean” animal is one that lives in the subnivean zone, which is the area between the snow surface and the ground. These animals (like voles, shrews) use this zone for shelter from cold and predators, and find food (e.g., seeds, fungi) there.
# Answer:
A “subnivean” animal is an animal that lives in the subnivean zone (the area between the snowpack and the ground). These animals use this zone for shelter from cold temperatures and predators, and to find food (e.g., seeds, fungi, or other organisms).

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