Question

1. draw diagrams to represent the following situations.

a. the amount of flour that the bakery used this month was a 40% increase relative to last month.

Explanation:

Step1: Represent last month's flour

We can use a bar graph to represent the amount of flour used last month. Let's assume the length of the bar for last month's flour is, say, 10 units (this is arbitrary, just for illustration). So we draw a rectangle (bar) with a length representing last month's flour, let's label it as "Last Month: Flour Used".

Step2: Represent this month's flour (40% increase)

A 40% increase means this month's flour is last month's flour plus 40% of last month's flour. So if last month was 10 units, 40% of 10 is \( 10\times0.4 = 4 \), so this month is \( 10 + 4=14 \) units. We draw another bar (rectangle) next to the first one, with a length of 14 units (or we can use a segmented bar where the first part is 10 units (same as last month) and the additional part is 4 units to show the increase). Label this bar as "This Month: Flour Used (40% increase from last month)". We can also use a double - bar graph to compare the two amounts visually, with the x - axis having "Last Month" and "This Month" and the y - axis representing the amount of flour. Another option is a percent - bar, where we consider last month's amount as 100% (a bar of length, say, 10 cm to represent 100%), then this month's amount is 140% (so a bar of length 14 cm, with the first 10 cm representing the same as last month and the next 4 cm representing the 40% increase).

Answer:

To represent the situation:

1. Option 1: Double - bar graph

• Draw two vertical (or horizontal) bars.
• For the "Last Month" bar, choose a height (or length) to represent the amount of flour used last month (e.g., if we use a scale where 1 unit on the graph = 1 kg of flour, and last month the bakery used 10 kg, the bar for last month is 10 units tall). Label this bar "Last Month Flour Usage".
• For the "This Month" bar, since there is a 40% increase, if last month was 10 units, this month is \(10+(10\times0.4)=14\) units. So the bar for this month is 14 units tall. Label this bar "This Month Flour Usage (40% increase from last month)".

1. Option 2: Segmented bar (for this month)

• Draw a single bar for this month.
• Divide the bar into two parts. The first part has the same length as the bar representing last month's flour usage (to show the base amount), and the second part has a length that is 40% of the length of the last - month bar (to show the increase). Label the first part "Same as last month" and the second part "40% increase" and the whole bar "This Month Flour Usage".

1. Option 3: Percent - bar

• Draw a bar to represent 100% (last month's flour usage). Let's say this bar is 10 cm long (so 1 cm = 10% or 1 cm = 1 unit of flour depending on the scale).
• Draw another bar that is 140% of the length of the 100% bar. If the 100% bar is 10 cm, the 140% bar is 14 cm. The first 10 cm of the 14 - cm bar represents the same amount as last month, and the remaining 4 cm represents the 40% increase.