Question

draw the orbital box diagram and the valence electron notation for the following elements described below:noble gas in period 2halogen in period 3alkali metal in period 4the first transition metal on the periodic table.alkali earth metal in period 5.atomic #50using the periodic table, write the complete shorthand notation and the for the following elements:1. zinc-2. antimony-3. beryllium-4. aluminum-5. silver-

Explanation:

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1. Noble gas in period 2 (Neon, Ne, Z=10)

Step1: Identify valence shell

Valence shell = n=2

Step2: Valence electron notation

$2s^2 2p^6$

Step3: Orbital box diagram (valence)

$2s: \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow}$; $2p: \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow} \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow} \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow}$

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2. Halogen in period 3 (Chlorine, Cl, Z=17)

Step1: Identify valence shell

Valence shell = n=3

Step2: Valence electron notation

$3s^2 3p^5$

Step3: Orbital box diagram (valence)

$3s: \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow}$; $3p: \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow} \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow} \boxed{\uparrow}$

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3. Alkali metal in period 4 (Potassium, K, Z=19)

Step1: Identify valence shell

Valence shell = n=4

Step2: Valence electron notation

$4s^1$

Step3: Orbital box diagram (valence)

$4s: \boxed{\uparrow}$

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4. First transition metal (Scandium, Sc, Z=21)

Step1: Identify valence shell

Valence shells = n=3, n=4

Step2: Valence electron notation

$3d^1 4s^2$

Step3: Orbital box diagram (valence)

$4s: \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow}$; $3d: \boxed{\uparrow} \boxed{\phantom{\uparrow}} \boxed{\phantom{\uparrow}} \boxed{\phantom{\uparrow}} \boxed{\phantom{\uparrow}}$

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5. Alkaline Earth Metal in period 5 (Strontium, Sr, Z=38)

Step1: Identify valence shell

Valence shell = n=5

Step2: Valence electron notation

$5s^2$

Step3: Orbital box diagram (valence)

$5s: \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow}$

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6. Atomic #50 (Tin, Sn, Z=50)

Step1: Identify valence shell

Valence shell = n=5

Step2: Valence electron notation

$5s^2 5p^2$

Step3: Orbital box diagram (valence)

$5s: \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow}$; $5p: \boxed{\uparrow} \boxed{\uparrow} \boxed{\phantom{\uparrow}}$

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7. Zinc (Zn, Z=30)

Step1: Shorthand notation (noble gas core)

Use [Ar] (Z=18) as core

Step2: Write full shorthand

$[Ar] 3d^{10} 4s^2$

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8. Antimony (Sb, Z=51)

Step1: Shorthand notation (noble gas core)

Use [Kr] (Z=36) as core

Step2: Write full shorthand

$[Kr] 4d^{10} 5s^2 5p^3$

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9. Beryllium (Be, Z=4)

Step1: Shorthand notation (noble gas core)

Use [He] (Z=2) as core

Step2: Write full shorthand

$[He] 2s^2$

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10. Aluminum (Al, Z=13)

Step1: Shorthand notation (noble gas core)

Use [Ne] (Z=10) as core

Step2: Write full shorthand

$[Ne] 3s^2 3p^1$

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11. Silver (Ag, Z=47)

Step1: Shorthand notation (noble gas core)

Use [Kr] (Z=36) as core (exception: full d-subshell)

Step2: Write full shorthand

$[Kr] 4d^{10} 5s^1$

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Answer:

Table Elements:

1. Noble gas in period 2 (Neon, Ne):

Valence notation: $2s^2 2p^6$
Orbital box (valence): $2s: \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow}$; $2p: \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow} \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow} \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow}$

1. Halogen in period 3 (Chlorine, Cl):

Valence notation: $3s^2 3p^5$
Orbital box (valence): $3s: \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow}$; $3p: \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow} \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow} \boxed{\uparrow}$

1. Alkali metal in period 4 (Potassium, K):

Valence notation: $4s^1$
Orbital box (valence): $4s: \boxed{\uparrow}$

1. First transition metal (Scandium, Sc):

Valence notation: $3d^1 4s^2$
Orbital box (valence): $4s: \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow}$; $3d: \boxed{\uparrow} \boxed{\phantom{\uparrow}} \boxed{\phantom{\uparrow}} \boxed{\phantom{\uparrow}} \boxed{\phantom{\uparrow}}$

1. Alkaline Earth Metal in period 5 (Strontium, Sr):

Valence notation: $5s^2$
Orbital box (valence): $5s: \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow}$

1. Atomic #50 (Tin, Sn):

Valence notation: $5s^2 5p^2$
Orbital box (valence): $5s: \boxed{\uparrow\downarrow}$; $5p: \boxed{\uparrow} \boxed{\uparrow} \boxed{\phantom{\uparrow}}$

Shorthand Electron Notations:

1. Zinc: $[Ar] 3d^{10} 4s^2$
2. Antimony: $[Kr] 4d^{10} 5s^2 5p^3$
3. Beryllium: $[He] 2s^2$
4. Aluminum: $[Ne] 3s^2 3p^1$
5. Silver: $[Kr] 4d^{10} 5s^1$