Question

excerpt 2 (role of government):
\...that to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just
powers from the consent of the governed,—that whenever any form of government becomes
destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it...\

central idea =:
why?

excerpt 3 (list of grievances):
\the history of the present king of great britain is a history of repeated injuries and
usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over these
states.\
central idea =:
why?

Explanation:

Excerpt 2:

The excerpt is about the purpose and legitimacy of government (deriving power from consent of governed) and people's right to change/abolish a destructive government. So central idea relates to government's role and people's right regarding it. The "why" is because the text explains government's origin (to secure rights) and people's right when government fails.

Central Idea: Governments exist to secure rights (deriving power from consent), and people may alter/abolish a destructive government.

Why: The text states governments are instituted to secure rights (from consent of governed) and people have the right to change/abolish it when it is destructive of those ends.

Excerpt 3:

The excerpt is about the King of Great Britain's history of repeated injuries/usurpations aiming to establish absolute tyranny over the states. So central idea is the King's tyrannical actions. The "why" is because the text describes the King's history of such actions with the goal of tyranny.

Central Idea: The present King of Great Britain has a history of repeated injuries/usurpations to establish absolute tyranny over the states.

Why: The text directly states the King's history involves such actions with the object of establishing absolute tyranny.

Answer:

The excerpt is about the King of Great Britain's history of repeated injuries/usurpations aiming to establish absolute tyranny over the states. So central idea is the King's tyrannical actions. The "why" is because the text describes the King's history of such actions with the goal of tyranny.

Central Idea: The present King of Great Britain has a history of repeated injuries/usurpations to establish absolute tyranny over the states.

Why: The text directly states the King's history involves such actions with the object of establishing absolute tyranny.