Question

1. a few centuries before russias eastward movement, europe experienced an economic revival during which the middle class grew and the economy recovered. how do you think this process was related to russias eastward imperial expansion? use information from the source 8, 4.5 - b to complete the following sentences: 5. russia was able to expand eastward because ______ 6. russia was able to expand eastward, but ____ 7. russia was able to expand eastward, so ______ uses sources 9 - 10, 4.5 - c to answer questions 8 - 14. source 9, 4.5 - c: adapted from qing emperor qianlongs response to british king george iiis request for trade, 1793 as for your request to send one of your citizens to be allowed to my court to manage your countrys trade with china, this request is contrary to our rules and cannot possibly be entertained. it is true that europeans, in the service of the dynasty, have been permitted to live at beijing, but they are compelled to adopt chinese dress, they are strictly confined to their own precincts and are never permitted to return home. our dynastys majestic virtue is known in every country under heaven, and kings of all nations have offered us their costly tribute by land and sea. as your ambassador can see for himself, we possess all things. i set no value on foreign objects and have no use for your countrys manufactures. you, o king, from afar have yearned after the blessings of our civilization. yesterday your ambassador petitioned my ministers to address me regarding your trade with china, but his proposal is not consistent with our dynastys policies and cannot be accepted. our celestial empire possesses all things in abundance and lacks no product within its borders. there was therefore no need to import the manufactures of outside barbarians in exchange for our own produce. i do not forget the lonely remoteness of your island, cut off from the world by intervening wastes of sea, nor do i overlook your excusable ignorance of the rules of our celestial empire. i have consequently commanded my ministers to educate your ambassador on the subject, and please see the reverse. learning objective 4.5: compare the territorial expansion and foreign policies of early modern china and russia. 4.5 - c: russian and chinese engagement with the west. by the late 18th century, russian imperial policies promoted the importation of western goods, technology, and culture, while qing china continued to have relatively limited contact with the west.

Explanation:

1. The European economic revival might have spurred Russia's east - ward expansion in several ways. The growth of the middle class in Europe could have increased demand for resources and new markets, which Russia might have sought to fulfill through expansion. Also, the economic recovery in Europe could have influenced Russia's technological and military advancements, enabling it to expand more effectively.
2. It had a combination of military strength, a relatively weak opposition in the east, and a desire for resources and new territories.
3. It faced challenges such as harsh climates, resistance from local populations, and difficulties in administering the vast new territories.
4. It was able to gain access to new resources, expand its influence, and become a major power in Eurasia.

Answer:

1. The European economic revival could have provided impetus for Russia's east - ward expansion through increased resource and market demands and technological influence.
2. it had military strength, weak opposition, and resource - seeking motives.
3. it faced climate, resistance, and administrative challenges.
4. it gained resources, influence, and power.