Question

give the symbol and number of electrons in a neutral atom of: uranium, boron, antimony, chlorine, iodine, xenin. give the symbol and number of neutrons in one atom of: to get “mass number”, you must round the “atomic mass” to the. show your calculations. bismuth, hydrogen, magnesium, mercury

Explanation:

Step1: Recall atomic - related knowledge

In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the atomic number. The symbol of an element can be found in the periodic table. To find the number of neutrons, we use the formula: Number of neutrons = Mass number - Atomic number, where the mass number is obtained by rounding the atomic mass to the nearest whole number.

Step2: For Uranium

The symbol of uranium is U. Its atomic number is 92, so the number of electrons in a neutral uranium atom is 92. The atomic mass of uranium is approximately 238.03. Rounding to the nearest whole - number, the mass number is 238. The number of neutrons = 238 - 92=146.

Step3: For Boron

The symbol of boron is B. Its atomic number is 5, so the number of electrons in a neutral boron atom is 5. The atomic mass of boron is approximately 10.81. Rounding to the nearest whole - number, the mass number is 11. The number of neutrons = 11 - 5 = 6.

Step4: For Antimony

The symbol of antimony is Sb. Its atomic number is 51, so the number of electrons in a neutral antimony atom is 51. The atomic mass of antimony is approximately 121.76. Rounding to the nearest whole - number, the mass number is 122. The number of neutrons = 122 - 51 = 71.

Step5: For Chlorine

The symbol of chlorine is Cl. Its atomic number is 17, so the number of electrons in a neutral chlorine atom is 17. The atomic mass of chlorine is approximately 35.45. Rounding to the nearest whole - number, the mass number is 35. The number of neutrons = 35 - 17 = 18.

Step6: For Iodine

The symbol of iodine is I. Its atomic number is 53, so the number of electrons in a neutral iodine atom is 53. The atomic mass of iodine is approximately 126.90. Rounding to the nearest whole - number, the mass number is 127. The number of neutrons = 127 - 53 = 74.

Step7: For Xenon

The symbol of xenon is Xe. Its atomic number is 54, so the number of electrons in a neutral xenon atom is 54. The atomic mass of xenon is approximately 131.29. Rounding to the nearest whole - number, the mass number is 131. The number of neutrons = 131 - 54 = 77.

Step8: For Bismuth

The symbol of bismuth is Bi. Its atomic number is 83, so the number of electrons in a neutral bismuth atom is 83. The atomic mass of bismuth is approximately 208.98. Rounding to the nearest whole - number, the mass number is 209. The number of neutrons = 209 - 83 = 126.

Step9: For Hydrogen

The symbol of hydrogen is H. Its atomic number is 1, so the number of electrons in a neutral hydrogen atom is 1. The atomic mass of hydrogen is approximately 1.01. Rounding to the nearest whole - number, the mass number is 1. The number of neutrons = 1 - 1 = 0.

Step10: For Magnesium

The symbol of magnesium is Mg. Its atomic number is 12, so the number of electrons in a neutral magnesium atom is 12. The atomic mass of magnesium is approximately 24.31. Rounding to the nearest whole - number, the mass number is 24. The number of neutrons = 24 - 12 = 12.

Step11: For Mercury

The symbol of mercury is Hg. Its atomic number is 80, so the number of electrons in a neutral mercury atom is 80. The atomic mass of mercury is approximately 200.59. Rounding to the nearest whole - number, the mass number is 201. The number of neutrons = 201 - 80 = 121.

Answer:

Element	Symbol	Number of Electrons	Number of Neutrons
Boron	B	5	6
Antimony	Sb	51	71
Chlorine	Cl	17	18
Iodine	I	53	74
Xenon	Xe	54	77
Bismuth	Bi	83	126
Hydrogen	H	1	0
Magnesium	Mg	12	12
Mercury	Hg	80	121