Question

identifying problems and solutions: as you read about the sumerians, fill in the chart below to explain how they solved problems they faced.
the problem\tthe solution

1. with flooding of the rivers unpredictable, how could farmers water their fields during the dry summer months?
2. with no natural barriers, how could villagers protect themselves?
3. with limited natural resources, how could sumerians get the materials for tools and buildings?
4. how should the sumerian city - states be ruled?
5. what could be done to please the gods and earn their protection in life?

Explanation:

These solutions are based on historical knowledge of Sumerian civilization. Irrigation addressed water needs, walls provided security, trade supplemented resource shortages, a governance system organized city - states, and religious practices aimed at divine favor.

Answer:

1. They developed an irrigation system of canals, dikes, and basins to store and channel water for their fields during the dry summer months.
2. They built walls around their villages for protection.
3. They engaged in trade with other regions to obtain the materials for tools and buildings.
4. They had a system of city - state governance with rulers, often religious leaders (priests) or military leaders, who made laws, organized public works, and led in times of war.
5. They built elaborate temples and performed regular religious ceremonies, sacrifices, and offerings to please the gods and earn their protection.