Question

ionic & covalent bonds: names & formulas
ionic - write the name

1. alcl3
2. bacl2
3. caf2

covalent - write the name

1. h2o
2. co
3. ccl4
4. no2
5. so2
6. nf3
7. sio2

*ionic - write the formula

1. potassium oxide
2. magnesium nitride
3. lithium phosphide
4. calcium nitride
5. barium sulfide

*covalent - write the formula

1. dinitrogen tetrachloride
2. silicon dioxide
3. trisulfer hexoxide
4. diphosphorus pentafluoride
5. carbon tetrachloride

Explanation:

Step1: Identify ionic and covalent naming rules

For ionic compounds, name the metal first and then the non - metal with an appropriate suffix. For covalent compounds, use prefixes to indicate the number of atoms.

Step2: Name ionic compounds

1. \(AlCl_3\) is aluminum chloride.
2. \(BaCl_2\) is barium chloride.
3. \(CaF_2\) is calcium fluoride.

Step3: Name covalent compounds

1. \(H_2O\) is water.
2. \(CO\) is carbon monoxide.
3. \(CCl_4\) is carbon tetrachloride.
4. \(NO_2\) is nitrogen dioxide.
5. \(SO_2\) is sulfur dioxide.
6. \(NF_3\) is nitrogen trifluoride.
7. \(SiO_2\) is silicon dioxide.

Step4: Write ionic compound formulas

1. Potassium has a + 1 charge (\(K^+\)) and oxygen has a - 2 charge (\(O^{2 -}\)), so the formula for potassium oxide is \(K_2O\).
2. Magnesium has a + 2 charge (\(Mg^{2+}\)) and nitrogen has a - 3 charge (\(N^{3 -}\)), so the formula for magnesium nitride is \(Mg_3N_2\).
3. Lithium has a + 1 charge (\(Li^+\)) and phosphorus has a - 3 charge (\(P^{3 -}\)), so the formula for lithium phosphide is \(Li_3P\).
4. Calcium has a + 2 charge (\(Ca^{2+}\)) and nitrogen has a - 3 charge (\(N^{3 -}\)), so the formula for calcium nitride is \(Ca_3N_2\).
5. Barium has a + 2 charge (\(Ba^{2+}\)) and sulfur has a - 2 charge (\(S^{2 -}\)), so the formula for barium sulfide is \(BaS\).

Step5: Write covalent compound formulas

1. Dinitrogen tetrachloride has the formula \(N_2Cl_4\).
2. Silicon dioxide has the formula \(SiO_2\).
3. Trisulfur hexoxide has the formula \(S_3O_6\).
4. Diphosphorus pentafluoride has the formula \(P_2F_5\).
5. Carbon tetrachloride has the formula \(CCl_4\).

Answer:

1. Aluminum chloride
2. Barium chloride
3. Calcium fluoride
4. Water
5. Carbon monoxide
6. Carbon tetrachloride
7. Nitrogen dioxide
8. Sulfur dioxide
9. Nitrogen trifluoride
10. Silicon dioxide
11. \(K_2O\)
12. \(Mg_3N_2\)
13. \(Li_3P\)
14. \(Ca_3N_2\)
15. \(BaS\)
16. \(N_2Cl_4\)
17. \(SiO_2\)
18. \(S_3O_6\)
19. \(P_2F_5\)
20. \(CCl_4\)