Question

this is the legal notion that the power of government is limited and restrained by legal means and is not at the mercy and whims of individuals. this is a policy that the governments actions towards its citizens must follow established rules and procedures.

Explanation:

The first description refers to the concept of "Rule of Law" (limiting government power via law, not individual whims). The second describes "Procedural Due Process" (government actions follow rules/procedures for citizens). These are legal and political concepts, falling under the Social Science subfield of Law/Politics.

Answer:

First concept: Rule of Law (legal notion limiting government power by law, not individual whims). Second concept: Procedural Due Process (government actions follow established rules/procedures for citizens). Both relate to Law/Politics (Social Science subfield).