Question

a) lewis/electron dot diagram
b) show bond. ←←←look. do!
c) chemical formula

1. sodium and oxygen

a) na•
b) na•
c) na•→:o:
na

1. aluminum and sulfur

a)
b) al• •s•
c)

1. strontium and nitrogen

a)
b)

Explanation:

Step1: Determine Lewis - Electron Dot Diagrams

For Aluminum and Sulfur: Aluminum (Al) has 3 valence electrons and Sulfur (S) has 6 valence electrons. The Lewis - electron dot diagram for Al is Al with 3 dots around it and for S is S with 6 dots around it. For Strontium (Sr) and Nitrogen (N), Strontium has 2 valence electrons and Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons. The Lewis - electron dot diagram for Sr is Sr with 2 dots around it and for N is N with 5 dots around it.

Step2: Show Bond Formation

Aluminum will lose 3 electrons to form a + 3 ion and sulfur will gain 2 electrons to form a - 2 ion. To balance the charges, 2 aluminum atoms will react with 3 sulfur atoms. Strontium will lose 2 electrons to form a + 2 ion and nitrogen will gain 3 electrons to form a - 3 ion. To balance the charges, 3 strontium atoms will react with 2 nitrogen atoms.

Step3: Write Chemical Formulas

For Aluminum and Sulfur, the chemical formula is $Al_2S_3$ since we need 2 Al atoms (+3 charge each) and 3 S atoms (-2 charge each) to balance the charges. For Strontium and Nitrogen, the chemical formula is $Sr_3N_2$ since we need 3 Sr atoms (+2 charge each) and 2 N atoms (-3 charge each) to balance the charges.

Answer:

1. For Sodium and Oxygen:

• a) Sodium (Na) has 1 valence electron and Oxygen (O) has 6 valence electrons. The Lewis - electron dot diagram for Na is Na with 1 dot and for O is O with 6 dots.
• b) Sodium will lose 1 electron to form a + 1 ion and oxygen will gain 2 electrons to form a - 2 ion. So, 2 sodium atoms will react with 1 oxygen atom.
• c) The chemical formula is $Na_2O$.

1. For Aluminum and Sulfur:

• a) Al with 3 dots, S with 6 dots
• b) 2 Al atoms react with 3 S atoms
• c) $Al_2S_3$

1. For Strontium and Nitrogen:

• a) Sr with 2 dots, N with 5 dots
• b) 3 Sr atoms react with 2 N atoms
• c) $Sr_3N_2$