Question

1. match the terms in the left column with the items in the right column. √ 4

(a) antigen
(b) antigenic determinant
(c) polyclonal antibodies
(d) monoclonal antibodies

1. immunoglobulins
2. foreign biomolecules
3. antibodies produced by hybridoma cells
4. molecular features recognized by antibodies
5. heterogeneous antibodies
6. homogenous antibodies
7. antibodies produced by injection of a biomolecule into an animal
8. epitopes

Explanation:

Each term is matched based on core immunology definitions:

1. Immunoglobulins are the formal term for antibodies.
2. Foreign biomolecules that trigger an immune response are antigens.
3. Hybridoma cells produce identical, single-specificity monoclonal antibodies.
4. The molecular parts of antigens recognized by antibodies are antigenic determinants.
5. Polyclonal antibodies are a mixed, heterogeneous population from multiple B-cells.
6. Monoclonal antibodies are a uniform, homogenous population from a single B-cell clone.
7. Injecting a biomolecule into an animal stimulates production of polyclonal antibodies.
8. Epitopes are the specific antigenic determinants recognized by antibodies.

Answer:

(a) antigen → 2. foreign biomolecules
(b) antigenic determinant → 4. molecular features recognized by antibodies; 8. epitopes
(c) polyclonal antibodies → 5. heterogeneous antibodies; 7. antibodies produced by injection of a biomolecule into an animal
(d) monoclonal antibodies → 3. antibodies produced by hybridoma cells; 6. homogenous antibodies

1. immunoglobulins → (c) polyclonal antibodies / (d) monoclonal antibodies (general antibody classification)