Question

name date physical science atomic models protons, electrons, and neutrons are three types of particles found in an atom. the protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus, and the electrons surround the nucleus. the number of protons and electrons will always be the same in a neutral atom. example: an atom of carbon (c) can be illustrated as follows: 6 p 6 n 6 e c - 12 the atomic number tells how many protons an atom has. therefore, the atomic number for the above atom is 6. the mass number is the sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom. therefore, the mass number for this atom is 12. this atom of carbon is designated c - 12. use the periodic table on page 59 for the information needed to help you sketch the following atoms: n - 14 o - 16 cl - 35 ca - 40 mg - 24 co - 60

Explanation:

Step1: Find atomic number from periodic table

For nitrogen (N), atomic number = 7. For oxygen (O), atomic number = 8. For chlorine (Cl), atomic number = 17. For calcium (Ca), atomic number = 20. For magnesium (Mg), atomic number = 12. For cobalt (Co), atomic number = 27.

Step2: Calculate number of neutrons

For N - 14: Neutrons = 14 - 7 = 7. For O - 16: Neutrons = 16 - 8 = 8. For Cl - 35: Neutrons = 35 - 17 = 18. For Ca - 40: Neutrons = 40 - 20 = 20. For Mg - 24: Neutrons = 24 - 12 = 12. For Co - 60: Neutrons = 60 - 27 = 33.

Step3: Sketch atoms

• N - 14: In the nucleus, put 7p (protons) and 7n (neutrons), and 7e (electrons) in electron - shells outside the nucleus.
• O - 16: In the nucleus, put 8p and 8n, and 8e in electron - shells outside the nucleus.
• Cl - 35: In the nucleus, put 17p and 18n, and 17e in electron - shells outside the nucleus.
• Ca - 40: In the nucleus, put 20p and 20n, and 20e in electron - shells outside the nucleus.
• Mg - 24: In the nucleus, put 12p and 12n, and 12e in electron - shells outside the nucleus.
• Co - 60: In the nucleus, put 27p and 33n, and 27e in electron - shells outside the nucleus.

Answer:

Sketch atoms as described above with correct number of protons, neutrons in the nucleus and electrons in electron - shells for each atom (N - 14, O - 16, Cl - 35, Ca - 40, Mg - 24, Co - 60).