Question

name ws#9 formation of elements: nuclear reactions use chapter 17, pp. 611 - 617 to help you complete this. 1. fill in this table. (you may have to \write\ with your mouse, or use the coursepack and upload photo) nuclear equation a 88²²⁶ra → ₂⁴he + ₈₆²²²rn b ₈₄²¹⁴po → ₂⁴he + ₈₂²¹⁰pb c ₈¹⁷o + ₇¹⁴n → ₁₅³¹p d ₂₀⁴⁷ca → -₁⁰e⁻ + ₂₁⁴⁷sc e ₆₄¹⁴⁸gd → ₂⁴he + ₆₂¹⁴⁴sm f ₄⁸be + ₂⁴he → ₆¹²c g ₆¹⁴c → -₁⁰e⁻ + ₇¹⁴n analysis: based on the equations above, how do you know which nuclear changes are fusion? change in atomic number change in number of protons change in number of neutrons change in mass number type of nuclear change a -2 -2 -2 -4 alpha decay b -2 -2 -2 -4 alpha decay c 0 0 0 0 nuclear transmutation d +1 +1 +1 0 beta decay e -2 -2 -2 -4 alpha decay f +2 +2 +2 +4 nuclear transmutation g +1 +1 +1 0 beta decay

Explanation:

Step1: Recall nuclear - reaction rules

In nuclear reactions, the atomic number (number of protons) and mass number are conserved. For alpha decay, an alpha - particle ($_{2}^{4}He$) is emitted, reducing the atomic number by 2 and mass number by 4. For beta decay, a beta - particle ($_{ - 1}^{0}e$) is emitted, increasing the atomic number by 1 while the mass number remains the same.

Step2: Analyze each reaction

• For reaction a: $_{88}^{226}Ra

ightarrow_{86}^{222}Rn + _{2}^{4}He$. The change in atomic number is - 2, change in proton number is - 2, change in neutron number is - 2 (since mass number change is - 4 and proton number change is - 2), and change in mass number is - 4. This is alpha decay.

• For reaction b: $_{84}^{214}Po

ightarrow_{82}^{210}Pb+_{2}^{4}He$. The change in atomic number is - 2, change in proton number is - 2, change in neutron number is - 2, and change in mass number is - 4. This is alpha decay.

• For reaction c: $_{8}^{17}O+_{7}^{14}N

ightarrow_{15}^{31}P$. The change in atomic number is + 2, change in proton number is + 2, change in neutron number is + 2, and change in mass number is + 4. This is a fusion reaction.

• For reaction d: $_{20}^{47}Ca

ightarrow_{21}^{47}Sc + _{ - 1}^{0}e$. The change in atomic number is + 1, change in proton number is + 1, change in neutron number is - 1 (since mass number is unchanged), and change in mass number is 0. This is beta decay.

• For reaction e: $_{64}^{148}Gd

ightarrow_{62}^{144}Sm+_{2}^{4}He$. The change in atomic number is - 2, change in proton number is - 2, change in neutron number is - 2, and change in mass number is - 4. This is alpha decay.

• For reaction f: $_{4}^{8}Be+_{2}^{4}He

ightarrow_{6}^{12}C$. The change in atomic number is + 2, change in proton number is + 2, change in neutron number is + 2, and change in mass number is + 4. This is a fusion reaction.

• For reaction g: $_{6}^{14}C

ightarrow_{7}^{14}N+_{ - 1}^{0}e$. The change in atomic number is + 1, change in proton number is + 1, change in neutron number is - 1, and change in mass number is 0. This is beta decay.

The nuclear changes that are fusion are reactions c and f.

Answer:

Reactions c and f are fusion reactions.