Question

part 2: vocabulary
write the following vocabulary words in the blanks that match their definitions.
missense silent inversion deletion
nonsense translocation insertion duplication

1. _______________ is a mutation in which two different chromosomes (nonhomologous) exchange chromosome segments.
2. _______________ is a mutation in which a segment of one chromosome is removed and inserted into a different (nonhomologous) chromosome.
3. _______________ is a mutation in which a portion of the chromosome is deleted, and many genes are lost.
4. _______________ is a mutation in which a chromosome segment is flipped in orientation and reinserted into the chromosome in reverse order.
5. _______________ is a mutation in which a large portion of a chromosome repeats.
6. _______________ mutation refers to a change in the dna sequence does not affect the amino acid sequence.
7. _______________ mutation results in a stop codon that causes protein synthesis to terminate early, which may create an incomplete protein.
8. in a _______________ mutation, one amino acid in a protein changes to another because of a dna sequence change.

Explanation:

Each term is matched to its standard definition in genetics:

1. Translocation is the exchange of segments between nonhomologous chromosomes.
2. Insertion is when a chromosome segment is moved to a nonhomologous chromosome.
3. Deletion is the loss of a chromosome portion and its genes.
4. Inversion is the reversal of a chromosome segment's orientation.
5. Duplication is the repetition of a large chromosome portion.
6. Silent mutations do not change the amino acid sequence.
7. Nonsense mutations create an early stop codon.
8. Missense mutations change one amino acid to another.

Answer:

1. Translocation
2. Insertion
3. Deletion
4. Inversion
5. Duplication
6. Silent
7. Nonsense
8. Missense