Question

question 10
what is the direct action of a lipid - soluble hormone?
the activation of a second messenger system
the production of proteins
the signaling for the release of another hormone
the alteration (the \turning on or off\) of gene expression

question 11
which of the following causes the release of luteinizing hormone (lh) and follicle - stimulating hormone (fsh)?
human growth hormone (hgh)
gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh)
estrogens
testosterone
c and d

Explanation:

• For Question 10: Lipid - soluble hormones can diffuse through the cell membrane and bind to intracellular receptors. This binding can directly alter gene expression by turning genes on or off. They do not directly activate second - messenger systems. Protein production is an indirect result of gene expression alteration. Signaling for the release of another hormone is not their direct action.
• For Question 11: Gonadotropin - releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle - stimulating hormone (FSH). Human growth hormone (hGH) is involved in growth and metabolism and not in the release of LH and FSH. Estrogens and testosterone are sex hormones and do not directly cause the release of LH and FSH; they have feedback effects on the hypothalamus and pituitary.

Answer:

• Question 10: the alteration (the "turning on or off") of gene expression
• Question 11: gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)