Question

question 38
aria would like to add the following detail to the fourth paragraph (sentences 13–16).
many cities charge $300 for disregarding the ban of off-leash dogs.
where should she insert this sentence?
before sentence 13
after sentence 14
before sentence 16
aria should not add this detail to the fourth paragraph.
question 39
what words could be added to sentence 17 to make a better transition?
“after all,”
“given the seriousness of these issues,”
“on the other hand,”
“that’s why”
question 40
aria can make the concluding sentence, sentence 19, into a stronger argument by changing “us” to which of the following?
animals
children
me and my pet
dogs and people

Explanation:

Question 38

To determine where to insert the sentence about city fines for off - leash dog bans, we analyze the context of the fourth paragraph (sentences 13 - 16). If the paragraph is about the ban on off - leash dogs and related consequences, inserting the fine detail after sentence 14 (assuming sentence 14 is about the ban or related enforcement) would logically follow the flow of discussing enforcement (the fine is an enforcement measure). Inserting before sentence 13 would be outside the paragraph's scope. Before sentence 16 may disrupt the existing flow, and there's no indication the detail is irrelevant.

We need a transition phrase for sentence 17. "Given the seriousness of these issues" is used to introduce a conclusion or action based on the gravity of previous topics. "After all" is for restating, "On the other hand" for contrast, and "That's why" for explaining a result (needs a cause before). So this phrase best connects to a discussion of issues and subsequent actions.

To strengthen the concluding argument about off - leash dogs, changing "us" to "dogs and people" broadens the scope to include both the animals and the human community, making the argument about the impact on all stakeholders (dogs and people affected by off - leash dog rules) stronger. "Animals" is too narrow, "children" is a subset of people, and "me and my pet" is too personal/narrow.

Answer:

B. after sentence 14

Question 39