Question

1
read the sentence from the section \interphase\
in most cells, there is a narrow window of time during which dna is synthesized.
which of the following words, if it replaced the word \synthesized\ in the sentence above, would change the meaning of the
sentence?
(a) tested
(b) created
(c) manufactured
(d) built
2
read the following selection from the section \cytokinesis.\ then, fill in the blank.
at the end of cytokinesis, two genetically identical daughter cells are produced. these are diploid
cells, with each cell containing a full complement of chromosomes.
cells produced through mitosis are different from those produced through meiosis. in meiosis,
four daughter cells are produced. these cells are haploid cells, containing one - half the number of
chromosomes as the original cell.
the word \daughter\ in the selection above tells the reader that ____.
(a) all cells are female offspring of a parent cell
(b) all cells contain all of the dna from a parent cell
(c) all cells are identical copies of a parent cell
(d) all cells are created through either meiosis or mitosis
3
which sentence in the section \interphase\ best supports the conclusion that mitosis accounts for only a small portion of a
cell’s life cycle?
(a) about 90 percent of a cell’s time in the normal cell cycle may be spent in interphase.
(b) in this phase, the cell increases in mass in preparation for cell division.
(c) in most cells, there is a narrow window of time during which dna is synthesized
(d) in the latter part of interphase, the cell still has nucleoli present
4
when are chromosomes formed? how do you know?
(a) chromosomes are formed during the s phase of interphase \s phase: the period during which dna is
synthesized.\
(b) chromosomes are formed during anaphase. \at the end of anaphase, each pole contains a complete
compilation of chromosomes.\
(c) chromosomes are formed during the g2 phase of interphase. \the cell synthesizes proteins and
continues to increase in size.\
(d) chromosomes are formed during prophase. \in prophase, the chromatin condenses into discrete
chromosomes.\

Explanation:

1. For question 1: "Synthesized" means creating/producing DNA. "Tested" has no relation to making DNA, while the other options are synonyms that keep the meaning.
2. For question 2: The text notes "daughter cells" come from mitosis (identical) or meiosis (non-identical haploid), so the term refers to cells made via these two processes. Options A is wrong (not female), B is wrong (meiosis cells have half DNA), C is wrong (only mitosis makes identical copies).
3. For question 3: If 90% of the cell cycle is interphase, mitosis (the rest) is a small portion. The other options do not address the proportion of mitosis.
4. For question 4: Chromatin condenses into discrete chromosomes during prophase, as stated in the supporting text for option D. S phase only replicates DNA, anaphase moves chromosomes, G2 prepares for division but does not form chromosomes.

Answer:

1. A. tested
2. D. all cells are created through either meiosis or mitosis
3. A. About 90 percent of a cell's time in the normal cell cycle may be spent in interphase.
4. D. Chromosomes are formed during prophase. "In prophase, the chromatin condenses into discrete chromosomes."