Question

section 1 quiz
multiple choice choose the best answer for each question from the choices available.
1 what gave rise to civilization in mesopotamia?
a fertile soil for farming
b open land for exploration
c river and sea routes for trade
d mountains for protection
2 how was the civilization of sumer organized?
a into roving bands of hunter - gatherers
b into small temporary villages
c into separate city - states
d into one central city and surrounding farms
3 what purpose did ziggurats serve?
a centers of government
b centers of learning
c centers of religious worship
d centers of trade
4 what basic form of writing based on images of objects was first invented by the sumerians?
a pictographs
b cuneiform
c hieroglyphics
d petroglyphs
5 how did sargon win loyalty within the akkadian empire?
a by collecting tribute to maintain a strong military
b by conquering many lands at once
c by limiting trade and economic activity
d by permitting people to keep local customs and rulers
6 why did sargons akkadian empire fall?
a it emphasized farming over trade.
b it failed to protect its natural resources.
c it grew too big to maintain order.
d it spent too much money on conquest.
constructed response write the answer to each question in the space provided.
7 how did ancient mesopotamians adapt to their environment to build a sumerian civilization?
8 what cultural and technological innovations did the sumerians develop?

Explanation:

1. Mesopotamian civilization arose due to fertile soil for farming which supported agriculture - a key basis for civilization.
2. Sumer was organized into separate city - states with their own governments, economies, etc.
3. Ziggurats were religious structures used for worship in ancient Mesopotamia.
4. The Sumerians first invented cuneiform, a writing system based on wedge - shaped marks.
5. Sargon won loyalty by allowing people to keep local customs and rulers, which was a form of tolerance.
6. Sargon's Akkadian Empire fell because it grew too large to maintain order, facing administrative and logistical challenges.
7. Ancient Mesopotamians adapted to their environment by developing irrigation systems to manage water for agriculture in the arid region, building dikes and canals. They also used local materials like mud - bricks for construction.
8. Sumerians developed cultural innovations like cuneiform for record - keeping, and technological innovations such as the wheel for transportation and the plow for agriculture.

Answer:

1. A. fertile soil for farming
2. C. into separate city - states
3. C. centers of religious worship
4. B. cuneiform
5. D. by permitting people to keep local customs and rulers
6. C. It grew too big to maintain order.
7. They developed irrigation systems, used local materials for construction.
8. Cultural: cuneiform. Technological: wheel, plow.