Question

simulation: heating a solid (schoology link: javalab specific heat simulation) https://javalab.org/en/specific_heat_en/ this simulation shows how particles act in a solid and then are heated up. there are two sides of the sim to show the difference in specific heat, but you are not learning what that is. therefore, you really only need to pay attention to the left one (its faster) check the “run” button at the bottom to run the sim for a few seconds. watch the particles move. then uncheck the box. describe the movement of the particles (not the color) while the object is cold check the box again and keep playing the sim. pay attention to the particles as they are heating up. describe the movement of the particles (again, not the color) as the object keeps heating up wait until the left side of the simulation reaches over 100 °c. describe the movement of the particles now that the object is very hot describe the relationship between temperature and particle movement (as temperature rises...) while the simulation was running, was there any point where the particles were completely motionless? simulation: melting ice cube (schoology link: javalab status change of water) https://javalab.org/en/status_change_of_water_en/ the sim starts off at -20 °c. check the “run” box to start the sim. look at the particles (the blue dots in the “ice cube”). stop the sim before it reaches 0 °c. describe the movement of the particles (the dots) while it is a solid. check the box to keep running the sim. the ice cube will start melting. notice that the temperature holds at 0 °c. stop before the cube completely melts. describe the movement of the particles in the liquid (at the bottom) keep playing the sim. watch the water molecules as the water heats up. stop the sim before it reaches 100 °c. how does the movement of the particles (the dots) differ between cold water and hot water? keep playing the sim past 100 °c. what happens to the water molecules (the dots) as the water goes to 100 °c? fully describe how the speed of particle movement changes as the water turns from solid to liquid to gas

Explanation:

1. Heating a Solid: When the solid is cold, particles vibrate in fixed positions. As it heats up, vibration amplitude increases. At very high - temperatures (over 100°C), particles vibrate more vigorously. The relationship is that as temperature rises, particle movement (vibration) becomes more energetic. Particles are never completely motionless due to the presence of some thermal energy.
2. Melting Ice Cube: At - 20°C (solid), ice particles vibrate slightly in a fixed lattice. As it melts (at 0°C), liquid water particles can move more freely, sliding past each other. In cold water, particles move slower compared to hot water where they move faster. As water approaches 100°C, particles move even faster. Past 100°C (gas - steam), water molecules move very rapidly and are far apart, with high - kinetic energy. The speed of particle movement increases as water changes from solid to liquid to gas.

Answer:

1. Heating a Solid - Cold: Particles vibrate in fixed positions.
2. Heating a Solid - Heating up: Vibration amplitude of particles increases.
3. Heating a Solid - Very hot (over 100°C): Particles vibrate more vigorously.
4. Heating a Solid - Temperature - particle movement relationship: As temperature rises, particle movement becomes more energetic.
5. Heating a Solid - Motionless particles: No, particles are never completely motionless.
6. Melting Ice Cube - Solid (- 20°C): Ice particles vibrate slightly in a fixed lattice.
7. Melting Ice Cube - Liquid (melting at 0°C): Liquid water particles can move more freely, sliding past each other.
8. Melting Ice Cube - Cold vs Hot water: In cold water, particles move slower; in hot water, they move faster.
9. Melting Ice Cube - Water approaching 100°C: Particles move even faster.
10. Melting Ice Cube - Water past 100°C: Water molecules move very rapidly and are far apart.
11. Melting Ice Cube - Speed change in states: The speed of particle movement increases as water changes from solid to liquid to gas.