Question

unit 2: gfw study guide
unit 2 csa is during lesson 2 the week before fall break.
part 1. vocab review: make sure you can define each of the terms listed below. place a √ next to the word to show you understand the term. every term below will be on your test.
2.1 agricultural innovations
2.2 smallpox & conquistadors
2.3 tourism in latin america
terrace farming
chinampas
slash & burn farming
columbian exchange
maya, aztec, & inca
food staple
columbian exchange
immunity
epidemic
indigenous
pizarro & cortes
smallpox
conquistador
cultural erosion
wildlife
biodiversity
coral bleaching
tourism
hospitality
gross domestic product
part 2. for each bold term, explain what it means using the context it is written in.

1. what is meant by the phrase staple crops in the passage: “domesticated staple crops like corn and the potato would go on to greatly improve nutrition & lead to a population increase in europe”?
2. what is meant by the phrase immunity in the passage: “smallpox created one of the deadliest epidemics in human history in the new world due to a lack of immunity in the indigenous populations of the americas, leading to the death of an estimated 90% of its people.”?

the world lacked the ability to fight off the disease
new

1. what is meant by the term impacted in the passage: “increased tourism to countries in central and south america has greatly impacted both the human environment (infrastructure, standard of living, economies) of countries and the physical environment (wildlife, biodiversity, land use) of the region.

part 3: most missed concepts

1. (2.1) how did agricultural exchange impact both the new and old world during the columbian exchange?
2. (2.1) what plants and animals were traded from the new world to the old world?
3. (2.2) how did humans help to spread smallpox throughout the new world?
4. (2.2) how did smallpox impact the new world?

Explanation:

1. Staple crops are the main or principal crops that form a large - part of a population's diet and are crucial for nutrition and sustenance. In the context, corn and potato are examples that improved nutrition and led to population growth in Europe.
2. Immunity refers to the body's ability to resist a particular infection or disease. In the New World, indigenous populations lacked the immunity to smallpox, making them highly vulnerable to the deadly epidemic.
3. Impacted means had an effect or influence on. Increased tourism influenced both the human - made and natural aspects of Central and South American countries.
4. The Columbian Exchange's agricultural exchange had several impacts. In the New World, the introduction of Old - World domestic animals like horses and cattle changed land use and hunting practices. In the Old World, new crops like potatoes and tomatoes became important food sources, leading to population growth and changes in cuisine.
5. Plants traded from the New World to the Old World included potatoes, tomatoes, corn, and tobacco. Animals included turkeys.
6. Humans spread smallpox through contact. European explorers, colonizers, and traders carried the disease and came into contact with indigenous populations who had no immunity. Also, enslaved Africans brought to the New World could have unknowingly spread it if they were carriers.
7. Smallpox had a catastrophic impact on the New World. It decimated indigenous populations, with an estimated 90% of the people dying. This led to social and cultural upheaval, as well as making it easier for European colonizers to take over land and resources due to the reduced resistance.

Answer:

1. Staple crops are the main crops that form a large part of a population's diet and are important for nutrition and sustenance.
2. Immunity is the body's ability to resist a particular infection or disease, which indigenous populations in the New World lacked against smallpox.
3. Impacted means had an effect or influence on both the human - made and natural environments.
4. In the New World, Old - World animals changed land use and hunting; in the Old World, New - World crops changed cuisine and led to population growth.
5. Plants: potatoes, tomatoes, corn, tobacco; Animals: turkeys.
6. Through contact by European explorers, colonizers, traders, and potentially enslaved Africans.
7. It decimated indigenous populations, caused social and cultural upheaval, and made it easier for European colonizers to take over.