Question

1. what does the dilution formula $c_1v_1 = c_2v_2$ ensure?

a. the amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution
b. the total volume remains constant
c. the solvent remains unchanged
d. the concentration remains the same

Explanation:

The dilution formula $C_1V_1=C_2V_2$ is based on the principle of conservation of solute mass/amount. $C$ represents concentration, $V$ represents volume, so $C\times V$ gives the total amount of solute. When diluting a solution, only solvent is added, so the total amount of solute does not change between the initial ($C_1V_1$) and final ($C_2V_2$) states.

Answer:

a. The amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution