Question

1. what did thomas jefferson accuse king george of in the declaration of independence? why?
2. what did montesquieu write?

a. what is despotism?
b. what is popular sovereignty?
c. what is limited government?
d. what is rule of law?
e. how should government power be split?
f. describe check and balances.

1. what book did rousseau write second?

a. what type of government did rousseau believe in? why?
b. which idea did rousseau not believe in? which rights are they referring to?

Explanation:

1. In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson accused King George III of a long list of grievances including obstructing justice, imposing taxes without consent, maintaining standing armies in times of peace without colonial approval, and interfering with colonial self - government. These accusations were made to justify the colonies' break from British rule as they felt their rights as British subjects were being violated.
2. Montesquieu wrote "The Spirit of the Laws". In this work, he discussed concepts such as the separation of powers (legislative, executive, and judicial) which is related to the split of government power and check - and - balances.

a. Despotism is a form of government where a single entity (a despot) holds absolute power, often in an oppressive manner.
b. Popular sovereignty is the idea that the authority of a government is created and sustained by the consent of its people, who are the source of all political power.
c. Limited government is a system where the government's power is restricted by law, often through a constitution, to prevent abuse of power.
d. The rule of law is the principle that all individuals, institutions, and the government itself are accountable to laws that are publicly made, equally enforced, and independently adjudicated.
e. Government power can be split into different branches (e.g., legislative, executive, judicial) as Montesquieu proposed to prevent any one branch from having too much power.
f. Checks and balances is a system where each branch of government has the ability to limit the powers of the other branches to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.

1. One of Rousseau's well - known works is "The Social Contract".

a. Rousseau believed in a form of government based on the general will of the people. He thought that in a social contract, people give up some of their freedoms to the community as a whole in order to gain the benefits of living in society.
b. Rousseau was critical of the idea of a hereditary aristocracy. He emphasized natural rights such as the right to freedom and equality, believing that people are born free and equal in a state of nature.

Answer:

1. Thomas Jefferson accused King George III of numerous grievances like obstructing justice, imposing taxes without consent etc. Reason: To justify colonial independence due to rights violations.
2. Montesquieu wrote "The Spirit of the Laws".

a. Despotism: Absolute power by a single entity, often oppressive.
b. Popular sovereignty: Government authority from people's consent.
c. Limited government: Government power restricted by law.
d. Rule of law: All are accountable to publicly - made, equally - enforced laws.
e. Government power split into branches (e.g., legislative, executive, judicial).
f. Checks and balances: Branches limit each other's power.

1. Rousseau wrote "The Social Contract".

a. Rousseau believed in a government based on the general will of the people. Reason: People give up some freedoms for societal benefits.
b. Rousseau was against hereditary aristocracy. He emphasized natural rights like freedom and equality.