Question

which ethical principle requires participants to know the purpose and risks of a study before agreeing?
informed consent
anonymity
objectivity
confidentiality
what best explains the difference between correlation and causation?
correlation shows a relationship; causation shows direct effect
correlation proves cause - and - effect
causation means variables are unrelated
correlation only applies to experiments
which is a weakness of participant observation?
it lacks realism
it cannot study groups
it cannot produce qualitative data
it is time - consuming and hard to generalize

Explanation:

1. Informed consent is the ethical principle that mandates participants be aware of a study's purpose and risks before agreeing. It respects their autonomy.
2. Correlation indicates a relationship between variables, while causation implies one variable directly affects another.
3. Participant - observation can be time - consuming as it involves long - term engagement, and findings may be hard to generalize to larger populations.

Answer:

1. Informed consent
2. Correlation shows a relationship; causation shows direct effect
3. It is time - consuming and hard to generalize