Question

which statement best compares the atoms of two elements that have similar chemical properties?
a the atoms of both elements have the same number of neutrons.
b the atoms of both elements have the same number of valence electrons.
c the atoms of both elements have an equal number of energy levels.
d the atoms of both elements have an even number of positive and negative charges.

Explanation:

To determine the best statement, we analyze each option:

• Option A: Neutrons don't determine chemical properties; isotopes have same protons/neutrons vary, so A is incorrect.
• Option B: Valence electrons determine chemical properties (like reactivity, bonding). Elements in same group (similar properties) have same valence electrons. This matches the key factor for similar chemical properties.
• Option C: Energy levels (periods) relate to size, not chemical properties. Elements in same period have same energy levels but different properties, so C is incorrect.
• Option D: All atoms are neutral (protons=electrons), so "even number" isn't a factor for similar properties. D is incorrect.

Answer:

B. The atoms of both elements have the same number of valence electrons.