Question

which statement correctly defines dynamic equilibrium?
○ at dynamic equilibrium, the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal.
○ at dynamic equilibrium, the rate of the forward reaction is higher than the rate of the reverse reaction
○ at dynamic equilibrium, the forward and reverse reactions stop.
○ at dynamic equilibrium, the concentrations of reactants and products are equal.

Explanation:

To determine the correct definition of dynamic equilibrium, we analyze each option:

• Option 1: In dynamic equilibrium, the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate, so the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant (but not necessarily equal). This matches the definition.
• Option 2: If the forward rate were higher, the reaction would proceed forward, not be at equilibrium. So this is incorrect.
• Option 3: Reactions don't stop at dynamic equilibrium; they continue at equal rates. So this is incorrect.
• Option 4: Concentrations of reactants and products are constant but not necessarily equal at dynamic equilibrium. So this is incorrect.

Answer:

A. At dynamic equilibrium, the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal.