Question

whoever attentively considers the different departments of power must perceive, that, in a government in which they are separated from each other, the judiciary, from the nature of its functions, will always be the least dangerous to the political rights of the constitution; because it will be least in a capacity to annoy or injure them. the executive not only dispenses the honors, but holds the sword of the community. the legislature not only commands the purse, but prescribes the rules by which the duties and rights of every citizen are to be regulated. - from federalist no. 78 (1788), publius (alexander hamilton) in this excerpt, hamilton is referencing what principle of the new constitution? a federalism b republicanism c popular sovereignty d separation of powers

Explanation:

The excerpt discusses the different departments of power (judiciary, executive, legislature) and their distinct functions. Federalism is about the division of power between national and state governments, so A is incorrect. Republicanism focuses on representative government, not the separation of branches, so B is wrong. Popular sovereignty is about the people's authority, which is not the focus here, so C is incorrect. The description of each branch's unique powers aligns with the Separation of Powers principle, where government power is divided among different branches to prevent tyranny.

Answer:

D. Separation of Powers