10. for each reaction below, identify the reaction type (synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, combustion):
a. $2h_2 + o_2 \
ightarrow 2h_2o$
b. $caco_3 \
ightarrow cao + co_2$
c. $ch_4 + 2o_2 \
ightarrow co_2 + 2h_2o$
11. a hydrocarbon undergoes complete combustion.
a. what two products must always be formed?
b. why does oxygen always appear as a reactant?
12. a reaction produces carbon dioxide, water, and a large amount of heat and light.
a. what type of reaction is this most likely?
b. what clues in the description helped you identify it?

Question

Accepted Answer

### Question 10
#### Part a
# Explanation:
## Step1: Recall reaction type definitions
Synthesis: $ A + B
ightarrow AB $. Decomposition: $ AB
ightarrow A + B $. Single replacement: $ A + BC
ightarrow AC + B $. Double replacement: $ AB + CD
ightarrow AD + CB $. Combustion: $ \text{Hydrocarbon} + \text{O}_2
ightarrow \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} $ (usually). Here, $ 2\text{H}_2 + \text{O}_2
ightarrow 2\text{H}_2\text{O} $ is two substances forming one, so synthesis.
## Step2: Confirm with formula
Reactants: $ \text{H}_2 $ and $ \text{O}_2 $ (two elements), product: $ \text{H}_2\text{O} $ (compound). Matches synthesis ($ A + B
ightarrow AB $).
# Answer: Synthesis

#### Part b
# Explanation:
## Step1: Recall decomposition definition
Decomposition is one compound breaking into two or more substances. Here, $ \text{CaCO}_3
ightarrow \text{CaO} + \text{CO}_2 $ is one compound forming two.
## Step2: Check formula
Reactant: $ \text{CaCO}_3 $ (compound), products: $ \text{CaO} $ and $ \text{CO}_2 $ (two substances). Matches decomposition ($ AB
ightarrow A + B $).
# Answer: Decomposition

#### Part c
# Explanation:
## Step1: Recall combustion definition
Combustion involves a hydrocarbon (here $ \text{CH}_4 $) reacting with $ \text{O}_2 $ to form $ \text{CO}_2 $ and $ \text{H}_2\text{O} $. The reaction $ \text{CH}_4 + 2\text{O}_2
ightarrow \text{CO}_2 + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} $ fits this.
## Step2: Confirm with formula
Reactants: $ \text{CH}_4 $ (hydrocarbon) and $ \text{O}_2 $, products: $ \text{CO}_2 $ and $ \text{H}_2\text{O} $. Matches combustion.
# Answer: Combustion

### Question 11
#### Part a
# Explanation:
## Step1: Recall complete combustion of hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbons ($ \text{C}_x\text{H}_y $) react with $ \text{O}_2 $ in complete combustion to form $ \text{CO}_2 $ (from carbon) and $ \text{H}_2\text{O} $ (from hydrogen). So products are $ \text{Carbon Dioxide (CO}_2\text{)} $ and $ \text{Water (H}_2\text{O)} $.
## Step2: Confirm with combustion reaction formula
General formula: $ \text{C}_x\text{H}_y + \text{O}_2
ightarrow x\text{CO}_2 + \frac{y}{2}\text{H}_2\text{O} $. So $ \text{CO}_2 $ and $ \text{H}_2\text{O} $ are always products.
# Answer: Carbon Dioxide ($ \text{CO}_2 $) and Water ($ \text{H}_2\text{O} $)

#### Part b
# Explanation:
## Step1: Recall combustion requirements
Combustion is a reaction with oxygen (oxidation) that releases energy. Hydrocarbons are made of C and H. When they react with $ \text{O}_2 $, C is oxidized to $ \text{CO}_2 $ and H to $ \text{H}_2\text{O} $. Oxygen is the oxidizing agent, so it must be a reactant to oxidize the hydrocarbon.
## Step2: Relate to reaction
Without $ \text{O}_2 $, the hydrocarbon can't be oxidized to $ \text{CO}_2 $ and $ \text{H}_2\text{O} $. Combustion is an oxidation reaction, so $ \text{O}_2 $ (oxidant) is required as a reactant.
# Answer: Because combustion is an oxidation reaction where the hydrocarbon (fuel) is oxidized, and oxygen is the oxidizing agent needed to oxidize the carbon and hydrogen in the hydrocarbon to form $ \text{CO}_2 $ and $ \text{H}_2\text{O} $.

### Question 12
#### Part a
# Explanation:
## Step1: Recall reaction types
Combustion reactions (especially of hydrocarbons or organic compounds) produce $ \text{CO}_2 $, $ \text{H}_2\text{O} $, and release heat/light. The reaction produces $ \text{CO}_2 $, $ \text{H}_2\text{O} $, heat, and light, so it's combustion.
## Step2: Check clues
Heat and light (energy release) and $ \text{CO}_2 $, $ \text{H}_2\text{O} $ are typical of combustion (e.g., burning).
# Answer: Combustion

#### Part b
# Explanation:
## Step1: Identify key clues
- Products: $ \text{CO}_2 $ and $ \text{H}_2\text{O} $ (common in combustion of organic substances).
- Energy release: large heat and light (characteristic of combustion, which is exothermic and often emits light).
## Step2: Relate to combustion definition
Combustion is a reaction (usually with $ \text{O}_2 $) that produces $ \text{CO}_2 $, $ \text{H}_2\text{O} $, and releases energy (heat/light). These clues match.
# Answer: The production of carbon dioxide, water, and the release of a large amount of heat and light. Combustion reactions (especially of hydrocarbons/organic compounds) typically produce $ \text{CO}_2 $, $ \text{H}_2\text{O} $, and release significant energy in the form of heat and light.

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QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

Question 10

Part a

Step1: Recall reaction type definitions

Step2: Confirm with formula

Step1: Recall decomposition definition

Step2: Check formula

Step1: Recall combustion definition

Step2: Confirm with formula

Answer:

Part b