Question

1. epa and osha regulations are examples of _?_.

court orders mandates preemptions executive orders

1. a _? _ tax targets people with higher incomes for the purpose of bringing about economic equality.

regressive selective progressive uniform

1. _? _ is not a common characteristic found in both the u.s. congress and most state legislatures.

the roll - call vote being permanently recorded
the upper house being known as the senate
apportionment for the upper house being based on population
the lower house having more members than the upper house

1. both the national government and the state governments have the power to _?_.

declare war coin money
charter corporations establish local governments

1. only the national government (not the state governments) has the power to _?_.

borrow money tax exports
establish courts conduct foreign relations

1. in the case of _? _ the court established a vague and confusing standard for judging establishment clause cases.

reynolds v. united states cohen v. california
lemon v. kurtzman mcculloch v. maryland

1. the case of marbury v. madison _?_.

established the power of judicial review
gave congress almost unlimited reign over the states
established the doctrine of implied powers
established the requirement that the accused be advised of his rights

1. the _? _ form is the oldest and most widely used form of municipal government.

commission mayor - council council - manager none of these

1. the principle of _? _ is that children inherit the citizenship of their parents, regardless of their own place of birth.

jus soli jus sanguinis amicus curiae naturalization

1. for a(n) _? _ primary, the voter does not need to register with his party, but he must vote with only one party.

closed blanket open run - off

Explanation:

1. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) and OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) regulations are mandates set by the government to enforce certain standards.
2. A progressive tax takes a larger percentage of income from higher - income earners to promote economic equality.
3. In the U.S. Congress and most state legislatures, the upper house (Senate) is not apportioned based on population (the lower house is). The upper house usually has equal representation per state or region.
4. Both national and state governments have the power to charter corporations. Declaring war and coining money are mainly national government powers, and establishing local governments is mainly a state power.
5. Conducting foreign relations is a power reserved for the national government. Borrowing money and establishing courts can be done by both state and national governments, and states cannot tax exports.
6. In Lemon v. Kurtzman, the Court established the Lemon Test, which has been criticized as a vague and confusing standard for judging Establishment Clause cases.
7. The case of Marbury v. Madison established the power of judicial review, allowing the courts to determine the constitutionality of laws.
8. The mayor - council form is the oldest and most widely used form of municipal government.
9. Jus sanguinis is the principle that children inherit the citizenship of their parents, regardless of their place of birth. Jus soli is citizenship based on place of birth, amicus curiae is a friend of the court, and naturalization is the process of becoming a citizen.
10. In an open primary, a voter does not need to register with a party but must vote with only one party. In a closed primary, voters must be registered with a party, and a blanket primary is different from these two main types.

Answer:

1. mandates
2. progressive
3. Apportionment for the upper house being based on population
4. charter corporations
5. conduct foreign relations
6. Lemon v. Kurtzman
7. established the power of judicial review
8. mayor - council
9. jus sanguinis
10. open