Question

1. choose the true statement about the government of sparta.

a. unlike athens, spartas ruling power was in the hands of a few people.
b. the important decisions were made by the assembly.
c. the council of elders inherited their positions and shared equal powers.
d. the assembly in sparta debated important issues and voted together with the council of elders.
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1. choose the true statement about the economy of sparta.

a. spartas economy was based on mining silver and gems.
b. helots were required to give much of the food they grew to sparta.
c. sparta felt that trade with others strengthened its government.
d. merchants in sparta traded with both coins and heavy iron bars.

Explanation:

For question 12:

• Athens was a direct democracy where citizens held power, while Sparta was an oligarchy ruled by a small group (two kings, Council of Elders, and ephors). Option A is incorrect because Athens also had concentrated power in citizen hands, not that Sparta alone had power with a few. Option B is wrong because the Assembly in Sparta had limited power, and major decisions were controlled by the Council of Elders and kings. Option C is incorrect because the two kings were part of the Council of Elders and had more power than the other members, so powers were not equal. Option D is correct because the Spartan Assembly (made of male citizens) debated issues and voted alongside the Council of Elders, though the Council held more sway.

For question 13:

• Sparta's economy was centered around agriculture supported by helots, not mining (so A is wrong). Helots, the enslaved class, were forced to turn over most of their agricultural produce to Spartan citizens, making B correct. Sparta was hostile to outside trade to preserve its social structure, so C is wrong. Sparta used heavy iron bars as currency to discourage trade, not coins, so D is wrong.

Answer:

1. D. The Assembly in Sparta debated important issues and voted together with the Council of Elders.
2. B. Helots were required to give much of the food they grew to Sparta.