Question

1. which of the following shows the behavior of an arrhenius acid?

options:

• hf dissociates to produce h⁺ and f⁻ ions in water
• nh₃ dissociates with water to form... oh⁻ ions
• naoh dissociates to produce na⁺ and oh⁻ ions
• ca(clo₃)₂ dissociates into ca²⁺ and clo₃⁻ ions in solution

Explanation:

An Arrhenius acid is defined as a substance that dissociates in water to produce hydrogen ions ($\ce{H+}$). Let's analyze each option:

• Option 1: $\ce{HF}$ dissociates in water to produce $\ce{H+}$ and $\ce{F-}$ ions. This fits the definition of an Arrhenius acid as it produces $\ce{H+}$ in water.
• Option 2: $\ce{NH3}$ is a base (Bronsted - Lowry base, it accepts $\ce{H+}$ from water to form $\ce{OH-}$), not an Arrhenius acid.
• Option 3: $\ce{NaOH}$ dissociates to produce $\ce{Na+}$ and $\ce{OH-}$ ions, so it is an Arrhenius base (produces $\ce{OH-}$ in water), not an acid.
• Option 4: $\ce{Ca(ClO3)2}$ is a salt, it dissociates into cations and anions but does not produce $\ce{H+}$ ions, so it is not an Arrhenius acid.

Answer:

The option that shows the behavior of an Arrhenius acid is: $\boldsymbol{\ce{HF}}$ dissociates to produce $\ce{H+}$ and $\ce{F-}$ ions in water.