Question

1. each orbital diagram shown below describes an excited state of an atom of a different element. use the orbital diagrams to complete the table.

excited state electron configuration	a	b	c
identify the element
ground state electron configuration

1. complete the table for each of the excited state electron configurations given.

excited state electron configuration	element name	ground state electron configuration	orbital diagram for ground state
1s²2s¹2p⁷
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p¹

Explanation:

Step1: Count electrons in orbital diagrams

For A: 1s has 2 electrons, 2s has 1, 2p has 4, 3s has 1, total = 2 + 1+4 + 1=8 electrons.
For B: 1s has 2 electrons, 2s has 2, 2p has 6, 3s has 1, 3p has 1, total = 2+2 + 6+1 + 1=12 electrons.
For C: 1s has 2 electrons, 2s has 2, 2p has 5, 3s has 0, 3p has 6, total = 2+2 + 5+0 + 6=15 electrons.

Step2: Identify elements based on electron - count

Element with 8 electrons is Oxygen (O), with 12 electrons is Magnesium (Mg), with 15 electrons is Phosphorus (P).

Step3: Write ground - state electron configurations

Oxygen ground - state: $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{4}$.
Magnesium ground - state: $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}$.
Phosphorus ground - state: $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{3}$.

Step4: Analyze given excited - state electron configurations in question 19

For $1s^{2}2s^{1}2p^{2}$: Total electrons = 2 + 1+2 = 5. Element is Boron (B). Ground - state is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{1}$.
For $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{1}$: Total electrons = 2+2 + 6+2 + 1=13. Element is Aluminum (Al). Ground - state is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{1}$ (this excited - state has one electron promoted within the 3p sub - shell, but the ground - state configuration is the same in terms of electron distribution in sub - shells for this case).

Answer:

	A	B	C
Identify the element	Oxygen (O)	Magnesium (Mg)	Phosphorus (P)
Ground state electron configuration	$1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{4}$	$1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}$	$1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{3}$
Excited state electron configuration	$1s^{2}2s^{1}2p^{2}$	$1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{1}$
Element name	Boron (B)	Aluminum (Al)
Ground state electron configuration	$1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{1}$	$1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{1}$
Orbital diagram for ground state	Draw 1s with 2 paired electrons, 2s with 2 paired electrons, 2p with 1 unpaired electron	Draw 1s with 2 paired electrons, 2s with 2 paired electrons, 2p with 6 paired electrons, 3s with 2 paired electrons, 3p with 1 unpaired electron