Question

(c.6e) use the periodic table and your knowledge of atomic structure to match each element with the correct electron configuration.
link to the periodic table: online periodic table
the electron configuration for
select
is
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p³.
select
chromium (cr)
chlorine (cl)
phosphorus (p)
arsenic (as)
sodium (na)
the electron configuration for
select
is
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p³.
the electron configuration for
select
is
1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹.
the electron configuration for
select
is
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁵.
the electron configuration for
select
is
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁴.

Explanation:

To solve this, we match each element with its correct electron configuration using the periodic table and electron configuration rules (Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion, Hund's rule):

1. Arsenic (As)

Arsenic is in group 15, period 4. Its electron configuration is built by filling orbitals: \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^3\).
So, "The electron configuration \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^3\) is for arsenic (As)".

2. Phosphorus (P)

Phosphorus is in group 15, period 3. Its electron configuration is \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^3\).
So, "The electron configuration \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^3\) is for phosphorus (P)".

3. Sodium (Na)

Sodium is in group 1, period 3. Its electron configuration is \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^1\).
So, "The electron configuration \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^1\) is for sodium (Na)".

4. Chlorine (Cl)

Chlorine is in group 17, period 3. Its electron configuration is \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^5\).
So, "The electron configuration \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^5\) is for chlorine (Cl)".

5. Chromium (Cr)

Chromium is a transition metal (group 6, period 4) with a special configuration: \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^1 3d^5\) (or \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^4\) is incorrect; the correct is \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^1 3d^5\), but if the option given is \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^4\), we use the provided option).
So, "The electron configuration \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^4\) is for chromium (Cr)".

Final Matches:

• \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^3\) → arsenic (As)
• \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^3\) → phosphorus (P)
• \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^1\) → sodium (Na)
• \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^5\) → chlorine (Cl)
• \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^4\) → chromium (Cr)

Answer:

To solve this, we match each element with its correct electron configuration using the periodic table and electron configuration rules (Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion, Hund's rule):

1. Arsenic (As)

Arsenic is in group 15, period 4. Its electron configuration is built by filling orbitals: \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^3\).
So, "The electron configuration \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^3\) is for arsenic (As)".

2. Phosphorus (P)

Phosphorus is in group 15, period 3. Its electron configuration is \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^3\).
So, "The electron configuration \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^3\) is for phosphorus (P)".

3. Sodium (Na)

Sodium is in group 1, period 3. Its electron configuration is \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^1\).
So, "The electron configuration \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^1\) is for sodium (Na)".

4. Chlorine (Cl)

Chlorine is in group 17, period 3. Its electron configuration is \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^5\).
So, "The electron configuration \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^5\) is for chlorine (Cl)".

5. Chromium (Cr)

Chromium is a transition metal (group 6, period 4) with a special configuration: \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^1 3d^5\) (or \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^4\) is incorrect; the correct is \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^1 3d^5\), but if the option given is \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^4\), we use the provided option).
So, "The electron configuration \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^4\) is for chromium (Cr)".

Final Matches:

• \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^3\) → arsenic (As)
• \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^3\) → phosphorus (P)
• \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^1\) → sodium (Na)
• \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^5\) → chlorine (Cl)
• \(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^4\) → chromium (Cr)