Question

ammonia is commonly used as a fertilizer for plants. it is made when nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas react under specific conditions.

consider the following reaction:

4 molecules of nitrogen (n₂) react with 12 molecules of hydrogen (h₂) to produce some amount of ammonia (nh₃).

complete the table below.

chemical element	number of atoms in the reaction
n

during this reaction, how many molecules of ammonia (nh₃) are produced?

Explanation:

Part 1: Number of H atoms

Step1: Analyze H₂ molecules

Each \( H_2 \) molecule has 2 H atoms. There are 12 \( H_2 \) molecules.
\[ \text{Number of H atoms} = 12 \times 2 = 24 \]

Part 2: Number of N atoms

Step1: Analyze N₂ molecules

Each \( N_2 \) molecule has 2 N atoms. There are 4 \( N_2 \) molecules.
\[ \text{Number of N atoms} = 4 \times 2 = 8 \]

Part 3: Molecules of NH₃ produced

Step1: Write balanced reaction

The reaction is \( N_2 + 3H_2
ightarrow 2NH_3 \). From the given, 4 \( N_2 \) and 12 \( H_2 \) (since \( 12 \div 3 = 4 \), so \( H_2 \) is 4 times the coefficient in balanced reaction).

Step2: Calculate NH₃ from N₂

From balanced reaction, 1 \( N_2 \) produces 2 \( NH_3 \). So 4 \( N_2 \) produces \( 4 \times 2 = 8 \) \( NH_3 \) molecules.

Answer:

• Number of H atoms: \( 24 \)
• Number of N atoms: \( 8 \)
• Molecules of \( NH_3 \): \( 8 \)