Question

base your answers to question 23 on the chart below and on your knowledge of social studies.

three branches of u.s. government
legislative
senate
house of representatives
makes laws

• overrides presidential vetoes
• approves presidential appointments
• approves treaties
• taxes for revenue, declares war
• regulates money and trade
• impeaches officials

executive
president
vice president
enforce laws and treaties

• can veto laws
• appoints high officials
• conducts foreign policy
• proposes laws and programs
• commander in chief of the military
• recommends bills to congress
• reports the state of the union to congress

judicial
supreme court
federal courts
explain and interpret laws

• settles legal disputes between states
• settles state and federal disputes
• settles disputes between states and foreign countries
• hears cases with violations of the u.s. constitution
• hears cases between individuals and the federal government

source: u.s. department of justice

1. what system did the constitution establish by creating three branches of government, as shown in this chart?

a. a system defined by the supremacy clause
b. an independent national judicial system
c. a system of federalism
d. a checks and balances system

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each option:

• Option a: The supremacy clause relates to federal law being supreme over state law, not the three - branch structure. So, a is incorrect.
• Option b: While the judicial branch is independent, the question is about the system established by all three branches. So, b is incorrect.
• Option c: Federalism is about the division of power between state and federal governments, not the three - branch system. So, c is incorrect.
• Option d: The three branches (Legislative, Executive, Judicial) have powers that check and balance each other. For example, the Legislative branch makes laws, the Executive can veto them, and the Judicial can declare laws unconstitutional. This matches the system established by the Constitution with the three branches.

Answer:

d. a checks and balances system